Chapter 19 Section 1 East Africa

Countries  Burundi  Djibouti  Eritrea  Ethiopia  Kenya  Somalia  Rwanda  Seychelles  Tanzania  Uganda

A Trading Coast  A place where early civilizations developed  Important civilization was Aksum Emerged in present day Ethiopia in 100 A.D. (its location on the Red Sea and Indian Ocean made it an important trading center) Emerged in present day Ethiopia in 100 A.D. (its location on the Red Sea and Indian Ocean made it an important trading center) People here traded with Egypt and Eastern Roman Empire People here traded with Egypt and Eastern Roman Empire Aksum declines in power in 600 A.D. Aksum declines in power in 600 A.D.

Colonization Disrupts Africa  Scramble for Africa Industrialized nations became interested in Africa’s raw materials Industrialized nations became interested in Africa’s raw materials Did not want to fight over the Africa Did not want to fight over the Africa Berlin Conference- ( ) 14 European nations convene to lay down rules for dividing AfricaBerlin Conference- ( ) 14 European nations convene to lay down rules for dividing Africa no African ruler was invited to attend no African ruler was invited to attend

Scramble for Africa Cont’d  The nations decided that any European country could claim land in Africa by telling other nations of their claims and by showing they could control the area  The European nations divided Africa without regard to where African ethnic or linguistic groups lived They set boundaries that combined peoples who were traditional enemies and divided others who were not They set boundaries that combined peoples who were traditional enemies and divided others who were not Often cited as the root cause of the political violence and ethnic conflict in Africa in the 20 th century Often cited as the root cause of the political violence and ethnic conflict in Africa in the 20 th century

Conflict in East Africa  By the 1970’s most of East Africa had regained its independence  Internal disputes and civil wars big problem Ethnic boundaries created by Europeans forced cultural divisions that had not existed before colonialism Ethnic boundaries created by Europeans forced cultural divisions that had not existed before colonialism Cultural divisions often caused internal conflicts among native groups Cultural divisions often caused internal conflicts among native groups

Farming and Tourism Economy  East Africa is more than 70% rural  Since colonization countries have relied more on cash crops People are moving more rapidly to the cities People are moving more rapidly to the cities  Tourism one of main economic activities Vast wildlife parks Vast wildlife parks

Cultures of East Africa  Masai- east African ethnic group that lives on the grasslands of the rift valleys in Kenya and Tanzania Herd livestock and farm land Herd livestock and farm land  Kikuyu- largest ethnic group in Kenya Homeland centered around Mount Kenya Homeland centered around Mount Kenya Traditionally herders Traditionally herders

Health Care in Africa  AIDS- has become a pandemic (uncontrollable outbreak of disease)