CST Review Day 4 World History Industrial Revolution Imperialism

Agricultural Revolution

Population

Technology

URBANIZATION Fewer Farms + Technology =

Urbanization If less farms are needed, what happens to farmers? Where are they going to move?

Production Need for more resourcesNeed for new markets

Pollution 1 st large scale destruction of the environment

Components of Industrial Society Entrepreneurs- Factors of Production Land Labor Capital

Social Inequality Capitalism creating very wealth and very poor. Poor living and working Conditions

Response Romanticism – Nature!!! – Poetry!!! Unions —Wages and working conditions Communism and Socialism —The proletariat: working class —Karl Marx —Share and own the factors of production

Why England???

Why England? Natural Resources Geographic Advantages Stable Government and Economic Strengths Population Growth Inventions and Technology

Natural Resources Industrial RevolutionNow

InventorInventionSignificance James Watt Steam enginePower, energy, and transportation Eli Whitney Cotton ginSped cotton production  textile industry Henry Bessemer Bessemer processSTEEL  quicker and cheaper Louis Pasteur Pasteurization (sterilization) of liquids Germ theory and cleanliness Thomas Edison Light bulbLonger working hours

What is Imperialism? Dominating and controlling other countries Building an empire

Imperialism Europeans of the late 1800s and early 1900s use their wealth and advantages to conquer foreign lands and influence the economies, politics, and social lives of the colonized.

Pride and Power Economic Advancement Superiority

Power and Pride More colonies = more power Nationalism= patriotism and pride in one’s nation

Economic Competition The Industrial Revolution Need for new markets Need for more raw materials

Superiority Social Darwinism= Racism o Survival of the fittest Missionary Impulse o Christianity

Types and Locations Types Colony-direct control Protectorate-country whose policies are guided by a foreign country. Not ruled directly Sphere of Influence—when one country has trading rights in another place.

Types and Locations continued… Countries involved: Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Portugal, and the United States

Colonizing Nation In Africa?In Asia?In South America? Great BritainXXX FranceXXX GermanyXX ItalyX JapanX NetherlandsXX BelgiumX SpainXX PortugalXX USX

Scramble for Africa Between 1875 and 1900 Europeans control of Africa went from 10% to 90% Tensions begin to mount between rival European nations Conference call to defuse disputes and set guidelines

Berlin Conference Divided up Africa No African representatives present Tribal territories and rivals were no considered Created unnatural boundaries Divided tribes and coupled enemies Leading to modern problems in Africa

Ethiopia and Liberia were the only two countries to retain

Effects Positive Europeans kept peace Europeans oversee creation of modernized infrastructure, – including sanitation, railroads, roads, postal system, telephone lines, and dams hospitals and school systems Irrigation methods introduced that improve farming Customs considered immoral by western standards eliminated New laws applied to all, breaking down some class systems Negative Africans and Asians lost control of their land and independence Resources controlled by Europeans European manufactured goods replaced locally made goods Europeans treated locals as inferior Many died of new European diseases and warfare Famines due to move from subsistence agriculture to cash crops Breakdown of traditional cultures Unnatural boundaries that combined or unnaturally divided groups

Long Term Western ideals, culture, and goods spread throughout world Competition raises stakes between European nations and eventually leads to war Global economy dominated by industrialized nations Eventually leads to strong nationalism within the colonized nations