ANAEROBIC = NO OXYGEN!! Some cells may go their entire life without oxygen. Some cells can function for a little while without oxygen. But they still need ENERGY!!

Fermentation Two types of fermentation: - alcoholic - lactic acid Fermentation is a form of anaerobic cellular respiration. It does not require oxygen. A small amount of ATP will be made. Fermentation occurs when oxygen is not available.

0 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + ATP + alcohol or lactic acid OCCURS IN THE CYTOPLASM OF CELLS Summary Of Fermentation Glycolysis  Fermentation

Alcoholic Fermentation Used in: - making bread dough rise (from CO 2 ) - making beer and alcohol Occurs in: - yeast - a few other microorganisms

Lactic Acid Fermentation Occurs in: - unicellular organisms - human muscles Used in making: - cheese- sour cream - yogurt- pickles - buttermilk- sauerkraut

Your body must supply its working muscles with oxygen. –When oxygen is present, glucose can be broken down into carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. But – after 90 seconds of exercise, the oxygen is scarce! –Cellular respiration continues at a very slow pace –The body must produce ATP in the absence of oxygen! When We Exercise… C 6 H 12 O 6  CO 2 + Lactic Acid (burns!!) + 2 ATP (energy) Lactic Acid Fermentation Begins! –Lactic Acid Fermentation produces ATP from glucose without oxygen – it also produces Lactic Acid, which builds up and BURNS! After minutes your bodies carbohydrate stores are gone, and fat burning begins!

Energy Yield without oxygen Glycolysis  2 ATP Fermentation  + 2 NADH 2 ATP TOTAL (that’s 34 less ATP than aerobic respiration)

Advantage of Aerobic Respiration Yields 66% more energy 36 net ATP That’s nearly 20 times more ATP than glycolysis alone.