WIND ENERGY R&D TOPICS FOR THE COOPERATION BETWEEN EU AND LATIN AMERICAN ENTITIES. Emilien Simonot Technical secretariat Rio de Janeiro, 31/08/2011

- PRESENTATION OVERVIEW - 1- Context of the presentation. 2- Am-Lat wind energy market overview. 3- R&D cooperation between LATAM and EU Countries.

1- Context of the presentation: Frame : Collaboration of REOLTEC to the Eularinet project, ordered by MICINN. Task : Identify the strategic R&D priorities shared by both EU and LATAM wind energy sector. Objective : Produce a draft document to initiate the debate on the orientation of R&D cooperation in the wind energy sector between LATAM and EU countries. Doc.: Wind Energy R&D topics for the cooperation between EU and Latin American entities. Time schedule : 27/04/201106/05/201112/05/201128/05/2011 First meeting between REOLTEC & MICINN on EULARINET Project. Draft document on ETP Strategic Issues and potential for EU- LAC cooperation. Presentation of the draft document on wind energy to the Spanish group. Presentation of the draft document on wind energy to Brazil and Mexico entities.

2- Am-Lat wind energy market overview. Source: BTM, Elaboration: AEE-REOLTEC

3- R&D cooperation between LatAm and EU Countries. WTG manufacturing processes & operation Wind energy integration Environment & Deployment Offshore deployment Wind conditions Seven cooperation areas around wind energy. Formation and training Small Wind Turbines

3- R&D cooperation between LatAm and EU Countries. Why did we choose these areas? Mutual basis & mutual interest. - Specific WTG R&D programs are lead by the main WTG manufacturers/designers and laboratories (located in EU, USA and Asia). - Wind farm development in LATAM may require some specific technology adaptation in those areas due to different conditions. - Possibility to define best practices list learning from EU experience.

WIND CONDITIONS: 3- R&D cooperation between Am-Lat and EU Countries. Mapping Site characterization (micro- sitting) Resource Wind speeds & loads Vertical shear Turbulence Design condition Wind farm management & operation Wind energy integration Forecast 3 strategic objectives Critical in a system of tender

3- R&D cooperation between Am-Lat and EU Countries. WIND CONDITIONS: Research topics proposal Research topicsObjectivesDescription Sitting of WTG in complex terrain & forested areas. - Calculate wind loads at any site. - Estimate lifetime energy production. Combination of local and global wind models such as full scale measurement campaign & satellite data. Wakes in and between wind farms. Understanding of wakes effects: - Impact on design - Impact on financial analysis - Learn from large installed wind farm - Elaborate accurate wake models - Evaluate downwind impact of large wind farm Extreme wind speeds. Extreme wind speed area characterization. Impact on WTG design & sitting to ensure secure operation. Wind profiles > 100 meters high Increase knowledge of wind behavior > 100 m high Comprehensive measurement campaign and analysis - impact on design Short term forecasting. Accurate forecast from few hours to two weeks. - Improve wind forecast - Combine with meteorological forecasts

3- R&D cooperation between Am-Lat and EU Countries. WTG MANUFACTURING PROCESSES AND OPERATION: 1- Manufacturing processes Context: Industrial requirements (regulatory framework): - Industrial plans - Requirements for local contents in the installed equipments Objective: optimization of logistic and production processes Research topics: - Logistic: new transport and lifting tools adapted to local road conditions. Wind turbines assembly strategy under high wind conditions. - Production facilities: Reduce & m 2 / produced MW for example through automated manufacturing processes.

3- R&D cooperation between Am-Lat and EU Countries. WTG MANUFACTURING PROCESSES AND OPERATION: 2- Wind farm operation and maintenance Context: Regulatory framework: - Tenders need for production cost optimization and control - Lack of consistent wind data risk on production prevision (see Wind Conditions) - Uncertainty on long term WTG behavior. - O&M organization in larger and spreader wind farms. Objective: adapted and optimized O&M strategy. Research topics: - Increase WTG availability at the lowest cost. - Big spare-parts management (shared stocks).

3- R&D cooperation between Am-Lat and EU Countries. SMALL WIND TURBINES: DOMESTIC APLICATIONS MINI WINDPOWER INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS MID-SIZE WINDPOWER WIND FARMS LARGE SCALE WINDPOWER Distributed Generation Renewable Energy Focus

3- R&D cooperation between Am-Lat and EU Countries. SMALL WIND TURBINES: Research topicsObjectivesDescription Small WTG technology. -High reliability. -Grid integration. -Costs reduction. -Applications. -Advanced blade manufacturing methods. -Advanced generator concepts (induction – permanent magnets – reduced cogging). -Grid-connected inverters. -Design standard and certification. -Use in hybrid systems and isolated applications. Resource and sitting. Knowledge of wind resource in urban areas. Design adaptation to those resource conditions. -Assessment of wind regimes in urban areas and isolated buildings. -Influence of high turbulence on turbine production and design. Architectural integration. Understand the influence of buildings on distributed wind power potential. -Improve architectural design to improve wind power potential. -Rotor speeds and noise emissions.

3- R&D cooperation between Am-Lat and EU Countries. WIND ENERGY INTEGRATION: MAIN OBJECTIVE: LARGE-SCALE INTEGRATION OF WIND POWER High penetration (> 20%) System reliability Low integration costs Concerns: - Wind farms. - Wind farm clusters. - Large scale integration into power systems (regional to international level) Compulsory: the R&D process must involve systems operators. SMALL-SCALE INTEGRATION. DISTRIBUTED GENERATION WITH WIND POWER Smart grid concept It is better to count with the participation of distribution system operators. Concerns: - Domestic applications - Industrial applications

3- R&D cooperation between Am-Lat and EU Countries. WIND ENERGY INTEGRATION: Research topics proposal Research topicsObjectivesDescription Wind power plant capabilities. Enable wind farms to be operated, as far as possible, like conventional power plants. Elaboration of adequate and harmonized grid codes requirements (voltage dips, ramp rate control, voltage control and frequency response) Grid planning and operation. - Ensure acceptable connection condition for wind farms: timeframe, curtailment. - Evaluate the impact of wind power on other energy sources. -Identify needs in grid infrastructure. -Operation and interoperability (operational tools for data acquisition) -Models / simulation tools. -(Transmission for offshore wind power) Energy & power management. Develop technical and market mechanism to improve electric system flexibility -Management tools (based on IT) -Study of options for ancillary services and power balancing. -Impact of high wind penetration on power systems. -Scenarios for a 100% renewables Distributed wind- power, Smart-Grid concept. Enable small and mid-size wind power penetration. -Evaluation the adaptability of existing infrastructure to the smart grid requisites. -Development of communication tools and protocols. -Enhance demand side management.

Context: -No clear market perspective yet. -Offshore wind energy will need strong investments that could be reduced or mitigated if planned with sufficiently in advance. -Learning from EU experience in offshore deployment. Issues to be considered: -Training and health & safety. -Environmental issues: Offshore Strategic Environmental Assessment. -Harbour infrastructures: offshore wind has to be taken into account in the planning process for new infrastructures. -Electrical infrastructures. 3- R&D cooperation between Am-Lat and EU Countries. OFFSHORE WIND DEPLOYMENT

3- R&D cooperation between Am-Lat and EU Countries. FORMATION, TRAINING AND R&D SYSTEM: Human resources Identification of the needs in term of manpower and formation planning. Regional evaluation of manpower capacity. Evaluation of wind energy as a job creating activity. R&D vertebration Identify and map the existing technological capacities. Create a frame for R&D cooperation involving all stakeholders. Network activities Create an adequate frame for communication between EU and LAC experts so as to ensure the implementation of the described action lines. (Technology platform)

ENVIRONMENT & DEPLOYMENT: 3- R&D cooperation between Am-Lat and EU Countries. Policy Remove electricity market barriers Create a level playing field Adress administrative barriers to grid development Optimize administrative procedures Environment Air traffic Noise Impact on wild life Cumulative effects Green House Gases emission reduction Social issues Ensure public support

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION Emilien Simonot Technical secretariat