Considering Your Reproductive Choices

Basic Principles of Birth Control Birth Control – also called contraception – refers to methods of preventing conception. Fertility – a person's ability to reproduce Perfect-use failure rate – Number of pregnancies likely to occur (per 100) in first year of use of a method if used consistently and accurately Typical-use failure rate – Number of pregnancies likely to occur (per 100) in first year of use of a method if not used consistently and accurately © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Contraception Options http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXuiUH37zQw © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Choosing a Method of Contraception How comfortable would I be using a particular method? Will this method be convenient for me and my partner? Am I at risk for the transmission of STIs? Do I want to have a biological child in the future? How would an unplanned pregnancy affect my life? What are my religious and moral values? How much will the birth control method cost? Do I have any health factors that could limit my choice? © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Planning a Pregnancy Conception occurs where a sperm reaches an egg, usually in the fallopian tube. The following conditions are necessary for conception: A viable egg (ovum) A viable sperm Access to the egg by the sperm Before becoming pregnant consider Your emotional health Maternal health Paternal health Financial status © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Fertilization © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Conception http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ccA4OqI52bg © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

The Process of Pregnancy Early Signs of Pregnancy Missed period, although spotting may occur Breast tenderness Emotional upset Extreme fatigue Nausea and vomiting (morning sickness), most common in morning, but can occur any time of day Sleeplessness © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Changes in a Woman's Body During Pregnancy © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

The Process of Pregnancy First Trimester Few noticeable changes in woman's body May urinate more often and experience morning sickness Embryo differentiates and develops organ systems At start of third month the embryo is called a fetus, indicating all organ systems are in place. Second Trimester Physical changes in the woman's body become more noticeable Placenta—The network of blood vessels connected to umbilical cord that carries oxygen and nutrients from mother to fetus and fetal waste products to mother becomes well established. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

The Process of Pregnancy (cont.) Third Trimester Greatest fetal growth, gains most of its weight Fetus must get large amounts of calcium, iron, and nitrogen from mother's food intake. Fat layer develops in eighth month. Respiratory and digestive organs need further development to avoid complications. Emotional Changes Women may experience fear of complications, anxiety, wonder and excitement over the baby. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

The Birth Process © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.