OBESITY Characterized by having excess adipose tissue BMI = ( Weight in Pounds / ( Height in inches x Height in inches ) ) x 703 Over 1/3 Americans are obese. Healthcare costs is approximately $150 billion each year!!

CAUSES OF OBESITY: Excessive caloric intake Lack of physical activity Medical reasons (or prescription meds) Genetics Sedentary lifestyle Technology

PROBLEMS WITH OBESITY: Hypertension Type 2 Diabetes Heart Failure Coronary Heart Disease Stroke Arthritis Sleep Apnea Respiratory Problems Gallstones High cholesterol Some cancers (endometrial, breast, colon)

TREATMENT OF OBESITY: Dietary changes Increase in exercise and activity Behavioral change Weight loss surgery

BLOOD PRESSURE Force of blood pressing against the walls of your arteries; if too high, it raises the heart's workload and can cause serious damage to the arteries. SYSTOLIC – The top number which shows the pressure when your heart beats. DIASTOLIC – The lower number which measures pressure at rest between heartbeats, when the heart refills with blood. Under 120 / 80 (some are now recommending 115/75) High Blood Pressure – HYPERTENSION

HYPERTENSION Increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, kidney disease Called a silent killer because it may have no outward symptoms for years. Nearly 1 in 3 Americans suffer from it 1 in 5 people with the condition don't know they have it but it quietly damages the heart, lungs, brain, etc. if left untreated. Risk Factors: – Age – Family History – Overweight / Obesity – Alcohol Consumption – Lack of physical activity – Tobacco Use – Salt Consumption – Stress Levels

BLOOD PRESSURE RANGES

CHOLESTEROL Waxy, fat-like substance made in the liver and other cells and found in certain foods The body needs some in order to function properly -- to produce hormones, vitamin D, and the bile acids that help to digest fat. When too much— plaque forms in the body's arteries narrowing the space for blood to flow to the heart. – Atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) – Heart attack

CHOLESTEROL Low density lipoproteins (LDL): LDL – Bad cholesterol – The more LDL there is in the blood, the greater the risk of heart disease. High density lipoproteins (HDL): HDL – Good cholesterol – Helps the body get rid of bad cholesterol in the blood. – The higher the level of HDL cholesterol, the better.

CHOLESTEROL FACTORS – DIET (Saturated & Cholesterol) – WEIGHT – EXERCISE – AGE – DIABETES – HEREDITY – OTHER CAUSES (Medications, conditions, etc. ) TESTING: – Measured at least once every five years. Doctors recommend that total cholesterol stay below 200.