Step Up To: Psychology John J. Schulte, Psy.D. & Jason S. Spiegelman, M.A., ABD From: Hockenbury & Hockenbury Discovering Psychology 5e Worth Publishers (2010) From: Hockenbury & Hockenbury Discovering Psychology 5e Worth Publishers (2010)

Chapter 9: Lifespan Development Genetic Contributions and Prenatal Development Development During Infancy and Childhood Adolescence The Final Chapter: Dying and Death Adult Development

Genetic Contributions and Prenatal Development

Development During Infancy and Childhood

Adolescence

Adult Development

The Final Chapter: Dying and Death

1. 1. A single human zygote has: A) 23 pairs of chromosomes B) 46 pairs of chromosomes C) 23 genes D) 46 genes A) 23 pairs of chromosomes B) 46 pairs of chromosomes C) 23 genes D) 46 genes

2. What is the correct order of the periods of prenatal development? A) embryonic, germinal, placental B) germinal, embryonic, fetal C) zygotic, genetic, phenotypic D) fertile, fetal, terminal A) embryonic, germinal, placental B) germinal, embryonic, fetal C) zygotic, genetic, phenotypic D) fertile, fetal, terminal

3. Although all human beings have the same basic set of genes, these genes can come in different versions, called: A) phenotypes B) genotypes C) alleles D) mutations A) phenotypes B) genotypes C) alleles D) mutations

4. 4.Teratogens are: A) recessive genes that result in genetic mutations B) microorganisms that can accelerate normal development C) alleles that react negatively to the environment D) harmful agents that can cause malformations or defects in an embryo or fetus A) recessive genes that result in genetic mutations B) microorganisms that can accelerate normal development C) alleles that react negatively to the environment D) harmful agents that can cause malformations or defects in an embryo or fetus

5. Pregnant women often get very excited by the experience of quickening. To what event does this term refer? A) the arrival of mother’s milk prior to a baby’s birth B) the end of morning-sickness C) the increase in nesting impulses as the pregnancy nears an end D) feeling the fetus moving A) the arrival of mother’s milk prior to a baby’s birth B) the end of morning-sickness C) the increase in nesting impulses as the pregnancy nears an end D) feeling the fetus moving

6. Touching a newborn’s cheek can cause it to turn its head toward the source of the touch and open its mouth. This is called the ____ reflex. A) rooting B) suckling C) grasping D) nuzzling A) rooting B) suckling C) grasping D) nuzzling

7. Which of the following is not one of the infantile temperament styles theorized by Chess and Thomas? A) the easy baby B) the slow-to-warm-up baby C) the difficult baby D) the insecure baby A) the easy baby B) the slow-to-warm-up baby C) the difficult baby D) the insecure baby

8. According to Lev Vygotsky, the zone of proximal development is: A) the test of object permanence in babies B) the gap between what children can accomplish on their own and what they can accomplish with assistance C) the intermediary stage between concrete and formal operational stages D) the reaction to the Strange Situation A) the test of object permanence in babies B) the gap between what children can accomplish on their own and what they can accomplish with assistance C) the intermediary stage between concrete and formal operational stages D) the reaction to the Strange Situation

9. An insecurely attached infant is: A) more likely to explore the environment regardless of who is present B) less likely to explore the environment, except when the mother is present C) less likely to explore the environment, even when the mother is present D) is more strongly attached to his/her parent A) more likely to explore the environment regardless of who is present B) less likely to explore the environment, except when the mother is present C) less likely to explore the environment, even when the mother is present D) is more strongly attached to his/her parent

10. Which of the following skills is not considered a limitation of preoperational thought in Piaget’s theory? A) irreversibility B) centration C) symbolic thought D) egocentrism A) irreversibility B) centration C) symbolic thought D) egocentrism

11. According to Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages of Development, adolescents must deal with the psychosocial conflict of: A) intimacy vs. isolation B) identity vs. role confusion C) industry vs. inferiority D) initiative vs. guilt A) intimacy vs. isolation B) identity vs. role confusion C) industry vs. inferiority D) initiative vs. guilt

12. Due to changes in health and nutrition over the past 150 years, the average age of menarche in the United States has changed from: A) 17 years to 12 ½ years B) 18 years to 15 years C) 16 years to 14 ½ years D) 16 years to 11 years A) 17 years to 12 ½ years B) 18 years to 15 years C) 16 years to 14 ½ years D) 16 years to 11 years

13. Which of the following is an example of development of a primary sex characteristic? A) breast development B) growth of the uterus or testicles C) changes in height and/or weight D) development of body hair A) breast development B) growth of the uterus or testicles C) changes in height and/or weight D) development of body hair

14. According to research, approximately _____ percent of 12-year old adolescents reported having had a “special romantic relationship” at some point in their lives. A) 25 B) 10 C) 5 D) less than 2 A) 25 B) 10 C) 5 D) less than 2

15. According to Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, most adolescents and young adults are at the ______ stage of morality. A) postconventional B) preconventional C) concrete D) conventional A) postconventional B) preconventional C) concrete D) conventional

16. Menopause— the cessation of menstruation and the end of reproductive capacity in women— can occur anywhere from: A) the early 40’s to the late 50’s B) the late 30’s to the early 50’s C) the early 50’s to the late 60’s D) the late 40’s to the early 60’s A) the early 40’s to the late 50’s B) the late 30’s to the early 50’s C) the early 50’s to the late 60’s D) the late 40’s to the early 60’s

17. In the year 2000 In the U.S. about _____ percent of adults over the age of 65 lived in nursing homes. A) 4.5 B) 8 C) 12.5 D) 15 A) 4.5 B) 8 C) 12.5 D) 15

18. According to the activity theory of aging: A) activity has a gradual decline in late adulthood B) activity level declines with a decline in life satisfaction C) activity remains higher in married couples D) life satisfaction is highest when you maintain your previous level of activity A) activity has a gradual decline in late adulthood B) activity level declines with a decline in life satisfaction C) activity remains higher in married couples D) life satisfaction is highest when you maintain your previous level of activity

19. According to Erikson an older adult who feels that their life has been well-spent and full of meaning has achieved a sense of A) identity consolidation B) ego moratorium C) ego integrity D) ego despair A) identity consolidation B) ego moratorium C) ego integrity D) ego despair

20. In 1970 the largest percentage of homes had a married couple living with children. Which of the following describes the largest percentage of homes in the U.S. in 2007? A) Married couples living without children B) Cohabiting opposite-sex couples C) Men living alone D) Married couples living with children A) Married couples living without children B) Cohabiting opposite-sex couples C) Men living alone D) Married couples living with children

21. Which of the following is the best acronym for Kübler-Ross’s five stages of dying? A) OCEAN B) DABDA C) COLOR D) MARFO A) OCEAN B) DABDA C) COLOR D) MARFO

22. Marin has just learned that she has leukemia and the prognosis suggests that she has 3 months to live. She prays and says “If I am allowed to live, I will devote my life to charity.” Which of Kubler-Ross’s stages of dying is Marin experiencing? A) Denial B) Bargaining C) Acceptance D) Anger A) Denial B) Bargaining C) Acceptance D) Anger

23. At which point in our lives are we most likely to experience anxiety about dying? A) Late adulthood B) Adolescence C) Middle adulthood D) The fear of death is equal at all developmental stages A) Late adulthood B) Adolescence C) Middle adulthood D) The fear of death is equal at all developmental stages

24. The most recommended parenting style— in which parents set clear standards for their children’s behavior but are also responsive to their children’s wishes— is: A) permissive parenting B) authoritarian parenting C) inductive parenting D) authoritative parenting A) permissive parenting B) authoritarian parenting C) inductive parenting D) authoritative parenting

25. Leanne is 17-years old and is rebelling against her parents’ authority. She resents the rules they have established, goes out o fher way to defy them, and does not communicate effectively with her mother or father. Which kind of parenting style was most likely used as Leanne grew up? A) permissive parenting B) authoritarian parenting C) authoritative parenting D) induction parenting A) permissive parenting B) authoritarian parenting C) authoritative parenting D) induction parenting

Stop here, or continue as a review

1. 1. A single human zygote has: A) 23 pairs of chromosomes B) 46 pairs of chromosomes C) 23 genes D) 46 genes A) 23 pairs of chromosomes B) 46 pairs of chromosomes C) 23 genes D) 46 genes

2. What is the correct order of the periods of prenatal development? A) embryonic, germinal, placental B) germinal, embryonic, fetal C) zygotic, genetic, phenotypic D) fertile, fetal, terminal A) embryonic, germinal, placental B) germinal, embryonic, fetal C) zygotic, genetic, phenotypic D) fertile, fetal, terminal

3. Although all human beings have the same basic set of genes, these genes can come in different versions, called: A) phenotypes B) genotypes C) alleles D) mutations A) phenotypes B) genotypes C) alleles D) mutations

4. 4.Teratogens are: A) recessive genes that result in genetic mutations B) microorganisms that can accelerate normal development C) alleles that react negatively to the environment D) harmful agents that can cause malformations or defects in an embryo or fetus A) recessive genes that result in genetic mutations B) microorganisms that can accelerate normal development C) alleles that react negatively to the environment D) harmful agents that can cause malformations or defects in an embryo or fetus

5. Pregnant women often get very excited by the experience of quickening. To what event does this term refer? A) the arrival of mother’s milk prior to a baby’s birth B) the end of morning-sickness C) the increase in nesting impulses as the pregnancy nears an end D) feeling the fetus moving A) the arrival of mother’s milk prior to a baby’s birth B) the end of morning-sickness C) the increase in nesting impulses as the pregnancy nears an end D) feeling the fetus moving

6. Touching a newborn’s cheek can cause it to turn its head toward the source of the touch and open its mouth. This is called the ____ reflex. A) rooting B) suckling C) grasping D) nuzzling A) rooting B) suckling C) grasping D) nuzzling

7. Which of the following is not one of the infantile temperament styles theorized by Chess and Thomas? A) the easy baby B) the slow-to-warm-up baby C) the difficult baby D) the insecure baby A) the easy baby B) the slow-to-warm-up baby C) the difficult baby D) the insecure baby

8. According to Lev Vygotsky, the zone of proximal development is: A) the test of object permanence in babies B) the gap between what children can accomplish on their own and what they can accomplish with assistance C) the intermediary stage between concrete and formal operational stages D) the reaction to the Strange Situation A) the test of object permanence in babies B) the gap between what children can accomplish on their own and what they can accomplish with assistance C) the intermediary stage between concrete and formal operational stages D) the reaction to the Strange Situation

9. An insecurely attached infant is: A) more likely to explore the environment regardless of who is present. B) less likely to explore the environment, except when the mother is present C) less likely to explore the environment, even when the mother is present D) is more strongly attached to his/her parent A) more likely to explore the environment regardless of who is present. B) less likely to explore the environment, except when the mother is present C) less likely to explore the environment, even when the mother is present D) is more strongly attached to his/her parent

10. Which of the following skills is not considered a limitation of preoperational thought in Piaget’s theory? A) irreversibility B) centration C) symbolic thought D) egocentrism A) irreversibility B) centration C) symbolic thought D) egocentrism

11. According to Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages of Development, adolescents must deal with the psychosocial conflict of: A) intimacy vs. isolation B) identity vs. role confusion C) industry vs. inferiority D) initiative vs. guilt A) intimacy vs. isolation B) identity vs. role confusion C) industry vs. inferiority D) initiative vs. guilt

12. Due to changes in health and nutrition over the past 150 years, the average age of menarche in the United States has changed from: A) 17 years to 12 ½ years B) 18 years to 15 years C) 16 years to 14 ½ years D) 16 years to 11 years A) 17 years to 12 ½ years B) 18 years to 15 years C) 16 years to 14 ½ years D) 16 years to 11 years

13. Which of the following is an example of development of a primary sex characteristic? A) breast development B) growth of the uterus or testicles C) changes in height and/or weight D) development of body hair A) breast development B) growth of the uterus or testicles C) changes in height and/or weight D) development of body hair

14. According to research, approximately _____ percent of 12-year old adolescents reported having had a “special romantic relationship” at some point in their lives. A) 25 B) 10 C) 5 D) less than 2 A) 25 B) 10 C) 5 D) less than 2

15. According to Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, most adolescents and young adults are at the ______ stage of morality. A) postconventional B) preconventional C) concrete D) conventional A) postconventional B) preconventional C) concrete D) conventional

16. Menopause, the cessation of menstruation and the end of reproductive capacity in women, can occur anywhere from: A) the early 40’s to the late 50’s B) the late 30’s to the early 50’s C) the early 50’s to the late 60’s D) the late 40’s to the early 60’s A) the early 40’s to the late 50’s B) the late 30’s to the early 50’s C) the early 50’s to the late 60’s D) the late 40’s to the early 60’s

17. In the year 2000 In the U.S., about _____ percent of adults over the age of 65 lived in nursing homes. A) 4.5 B) 8 C) 12.5 D) 15 A) 4.5 B) 8 C) 12.5 D) 15

18. According to the activity theory of aging: A) activity has a gradual decline in late adulthood B) activity level declines with a decline in life satisfaction C) activity remains higher in married couples D) life satisfaction is highest when you maintain your previous level of activity A) activity has a gradual decline in late adulthood B) activity level declines with a decline in life satisfaction C) activity remains higher in married couples D) life satisfaction is highest when you maintain your previous level of activity

19. According to Erikson, an older adult who feels that their life has been well-spent and full of meaning has achieved a sense of A) identity consolidation B) ego moratorium C) ego integrity D) ego despair A) identity consolidation B) ego moratorium C) ego integrity D) ego despair

20. In 1970, the largest percentage of homes had a married couple living with children. Which of the following describes the largest percentage of homes in the U.S. in 2007? A) Married couples living without children B) Cohabiting opposite-sex couples C) Men living alone D) Married couples living with children A) Married couples living without children B) Cohabiting opposite-sex couples C) Men living alone D) Married couples living with children

21. Which of the following is the best acronym for Kübler-Ross’s five stages of dying? A) OCEAN B) DABDA C) COLOR D) MARFO A) OCEAN B) DABDA C) COLOR D) MARFO

22. Marin has just learned that she has leukemia, and the prognosis suggests that she has 3 months to live. She prays and says “If I am allowed to live, I will devote my life to charity.” Which of Kubler-Ross’s stages of dying is Marin experiencing? A) Denial B) Bargaining C) Acceptance D) Anger A) Denial B) Bargaining C) Acceptance D) Anger

23. At which point in our lives are we most likely to experience anxiety about dying? A) Late adulthood B) Adolescence C) Middle adulthood D) The fear of death is equal at all developmental stages. A) Late adulthood B) Adolescence C) Middle adulthood D) The fear of death is equal at all developmental stages.

24. The most recommended parenting style, in which parents set clear standards for their children’s behavior but are also responsive to their children’s wishes, is: A) permissive parenting B) authoritarian parenting C) inductive parenting D) authoritative parenting A) permissive parenting B) authoritarian parenting C) inductive parenting D) authoritative parenting

25. Leanne is 17-years old, and is rebelling against her parents’ authority. She resents the rules they have established, goes out o fher way to defy them, and does not communicate effectively with her mother or father. Which kind of parenting style was most likely used as Leanne grew up? A) permissive parenting B) authoritarian parenting C) authoritative parenting D) induction parenting A) permissive parenting B) authoritarian parenting C) authoritative parenting D) induction parenting

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments Step Up Created by: John J. Schulte, Psy.D. Questions written by: Jason S. Spiegelman, M.A., ABD Based on Discovering Psychology 5e by Hockenbury & Hockenbury Published by Worth Publishers, 2010 Step Up Created by: John J. Schulte, Psy.D. Questions written by: Jason S. Spiegelman, M.A., ABD Based on Discovering Psychology 5e by Hockenbury & Hockenbury Published by Worth Publishers, 2010

AnswersAnswers 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.B 9.C 10.C 11.B 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.D 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.A 21.B 22.B 23.C 24.D 25.B