Atoms 8. 8a Describe the structure and parts of an atoms

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Presentation transcript:

Atoms 8. 8a Describe the structure and parts of an atoms Atoms 8.8a Describe the structure and parts of an atoms. Verb: describe Noun: structure and parts Context: atom Describe- to give an account of in words.

Atoms All Matter is made of atoms

Atoms Atoms are the smallest particle of an Element Example: Smallest piece of gold is a gold atom

Atoms All the atoms of an Element are almost exactly the same

Atoms Different Elements are made of different atoms Ex: Lithium Helium

What are the parts of an atom? Subatomic particles

What are the parts of an atom? Subatomic particles Protons Neutrons Electrons

What are the parts of an atom? Protons Positive (+) charge have mass = 1amu In the nucleus

What are the parts of an atom? Neutrons – No charge (0) have mass= 1amu In the nucleus

What are the parts of an atom? Electrons – Negative (-) Charge has no mass we can measure Electron(-) in electron cloud

What are the parts of an atom? Valence Electrons Electrons found in the outer most regions of the atoms electron cloud Involved in Bonding

Location of Subatomic Particles?

Location of Subatomic Particles Electron Cloud Nucleus Proton(+) in nucleus Neutron(O) in nucleus Overall charge is (+)

Location of Subatomic Particles Electron(-) in electron cloud It surround the nucleus It has a (-) charge

Location of Subatomic Particles Our model is not accurate (correct) The electron cloud has many different shapes The space between the nucleus and electron cloud is much greater

Atoms and the Periodic Table SE: Interpret information on the periodic table to understand that physical properties are used to group element. Verb: Interpret Noun : information on the periodic table

Atoms and the Periodic Table

Atomic Number on the Periodic Table Symbol Mg Mass number 24.305

Atomic Number Atomic number = Protons(+) If this number changes – New Element!

Electrons(-) Protons = Electrons (in a neutral atom) Atomic Number 12 Symbol Mg Mass number 24.305

Neutrons (0) Must look at both number Neutrons = Mass number – Atomic number Must look at both number Atomic Number 13 Symbol Al Mass number 26.982

Atom Bonding Atoms want their outer energy level to be full Energy Level 1 =2 electrons Energy Level 2 = 8 electrons Energy Level 3 = 8 electrons How do they accomplish this?

Atom Bonding To fill their outer energy level they : Share Give up all the electrons in the outer energy level Steal electrons to complete their outer energy level

Atom Bonding If they give up (lose) electrons they are no longer neutral atoms. They are Positive Ions Example:

Ex: Lithium Loses it’s valence electron and becomes a + 1 ion - +3 -2 = +1 3P+ 4N

Atom Bonding If they steal electron they are no longer neutral atom. They become a negative ion

Atom Bonding Fluorine only needs one more electron to fill it’s outer energy level so it steals one and becomes negative ion +9 + -10 -1 ion

Atom Bonding When atoms become + or – ions, they are then attracted to oppositely charged ions and create molecule or compounds