Atomic Theory Bhavik Patel Chemistry AP Period: 3-4 Gangluff.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

The Structure of the Atom

Advertisements

Defining the Atom All matter is composed of atoms

Early Models of the Atom –An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction. –Philosophers and scientists.

Chapter 4.1 Defining the Atom. Democritus (Greece 460 BCE) Believed that atoms were indivisible and indestructible. Believed that atoms were indivisible.

Early Greek Theories of Matter

Atomic Theory and the Atom

Atomic Structure.

Development of the Atomic Theory

History of Atomic Theory

The “original”.  English scientist  Theory proposed in 1803  Billiard Ball ◦ aspx

The element shown in the model is A. beryllium B. nitrogen C. fluorine D. neon.

“Old dead guys”.  400 BC- Democritus- first to come up with the idea that things are made of “atoms”

HW for Next Class:  Read pages  Worksheet: 5.2 (Structure of Nuclear Atom)  Quiz: Next time.

Atomic Structure.

CHEMISTRY 112 Atomic Structure. Early Models of the Atom An atom is the smallest particle of matter that retains its identity in a chemical reaction Democritus.

Chapter 4: Atomic Structure

Exam 3 – Unit 2 Complete individually. No notes. No talking.

Atomic Structure.

TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea:  There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would.

1 This is Jeopardy Atomic Theory 2 Category No. 1 Category No. 2 Category No. 3 Category No. 4 Category No Final Jeopardy.

Sucrose is composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. This is a qualitative expression of composition. A qualitative observation is one.

 As early as 400 BC, a few people believed that atoms are the building blocks of all matter. Yet, until recently, even scientists had never seen evidence.

Discovery of the Atom. Democritus  Democritus was an ancient Greek who had a philosophical idea of an atom.  His approach was not based on the scientific.

Chapter 4 Atomic Structure

By: Andres Sanchez. Law Of Definite Proportions  Law of definite proportions states that two samples of a give compound are made of the same elements.

Chemistry The structure of the atom.. The Atomic Theory: All matter is made of atoms, which are particles too small to be seen. Each element has its own.

Ch.4 Atomic Structure How do we know atoms exist? Picture, in your mind, what you think an atom looks like.

CHEMISTRY. Composition of Matter Matter - Everything in universe is composed of matter Matter is anything that occupies space or has mass Mass – quantity.

DALTON’S ATOMIC THEORY 1803 Read each of the following postulates and determine whether each is True or False.

Atomic Structure: Basic Concepts What is an atom? What are atoms made of? Where are protons located and what is their electrical charge? Where are neutrons.

Atomic Structure. 1. Democritus: Around 300 BC, a Greek philosopher, Democritus stated that everything is made up of tiny, invisible particles He said.

The Chemical Behavior of Atoms Day 1. Curriculum  Big Idea: Atomic theory is the foundation for the study of chemistry.  Concept: Energy is absorbed.

Atomic Structure. Early Theories of Matter Science as we know it did not exist several thousand years ago.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure, and properties.

CHAPTER 4 ATOMIC STRUCTURE.  Define Democritus’s ideas about atoms  Explain Dalton’s Atomic Theory  Identify what instrument is used to observe individual.

Chapter 4 – Atomic Structure

 As early as 400 BC, a few people believed that atoms are the building blocks of all matter. Yet, until recently, even scientists had never seen evidence.

Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life

CHAPTER 4 Atomic Structure. Atoms An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction.

Atoms, Ions and Molecules Dr. M. Abd-Elhakeem College of Biotechnology General Chemistry Lecture 2.

Properties of Matter. Element A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means. Sulfur.

What do I need to know for the test?. 460 BC-created the 1 st Atomic Theory of Matter (not modern atomic theory however) HIS THEORY Matter is composed.

The History of Atoms Not the history of the atom itself, but the history of the idea of the atom.

End Show Slide 1 of 18 © Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Defining the Atom > Early Models of the Atom An atom is the smallest particle of an element that.

Chemistry What is chemistry? –Chemistry is the study of matter, what it is made of, and how it changes. What is matter? –Matter is anything that… Has.

Chapter 4. Atom Smallest particle of an element that retains its chemical identity Atoms of the same element cannot be separated chemically because they.

The Atom What defines the property of a substance.

ATOMS!. Early models of the atom The existence of the atom was first proposed by Democritus of Abdera who lived in Greece during the 4th century B.C.

Chapter 5 Section 1 -In chemistry we must believe in things we cannot see -matter is made up of such tiny particles -everything is made up of matter -matter.

Greek Philosop hers Dalton’ s Atomic Theory How atoms differ Radioac tivity Types of radiatio n The atom Subatomic.

Smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of the element.

CHEMISTRY. Elements Pure substances that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler kinds of matter More than 100 elements (92 naturally occurring)

Atomic Structure CHAPTER 4. Defining the Atom ✴ An atom is the smallest particle of an element that still has the chemical properties of that element.

History of the Atom. Atoms and Elements Any material that is composed of only one type of atom is called an element. An atom is the smallest particle.

Atomic Theory & Periodic Table Unit 3 Part 1 (Ch. 4 & 5) Atomic Theory Introduction, Isotopes.

Chapter 3 Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter. Lesson 1.1: Early Atomic Theory Learning Target: I will understand the history and structure of the atom.

Dalton’s Atomic Theory

Early models of the atom

4.1 & 4.2 Early Theories & Subatomic Particles

The Structure of the Atom

The History of Atomic Theory

Mrs. Butsch 8th Grade Science

Soon you will be a rocket scientist

Atomic Structure An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction. Although early philosophers and scientists.

Section 4.1 Atomic Theory and Structure

Atomic Structure.

Presentation transcript:

Atomic Theory Bhavik Patel Chemistry AP Period: 3-4 Gangluff

Atomic Theory John Dalton and His Atomic Theory In 1803, John Dalton (1766–1844) forcefully revived the idea of atoms. Dalton linked the existence of elements, which cannot be decomposed chemically, to the idea of atoms, which are indivisible.

John Dalton’s Theory Compounds, which can be broken down into two or more new substances, must contain two or more different kinds of atoms. Dalton went further to say that each kind of atom must have its own properties, including mass. This idea allowed his theory to account quantitatively for the masses of different elements that combine chemically to form compounds.

Dalton’s Theory 1.All matter is composed of tiny indivisible particles called atoms. 2.Atoms of the same element are identical. The atoms of any one element are different from those of any other element.

Dalton’s Theory 3.Atoms of different elements can combine with one another in simple whole number ratios to form compounds. e.g. H 2 OCO 2 HCl 4.Chemical reactions occur when atoms are separated, joined or rearranged. Atoms of one element are not changed into atoms of another by a chemical reaction.

Electrons Electrons are subatomic particles found rotating around the nucleus of every atom. The number of electrons outside the nucleus is always the same as the number of protons in the nucleus. This makes the atom electrically neutral.

Arrangement The electrons which move around the nucleus of an atom have different quantities of energy. Those restricted to being closest to the nucleus have the least energy while those with the ability to be furthest away from the nucleus have the most energy.

Electron Arrangement The electrons can therefore be regarded as occupying different spherical volumes of different sizes, these levels usually being referred to as shells. It is worth noting that within each shell the electrons are not orbiting the nucleus at a fixed distance but can travel anywhere within the spherical shape of that shell.

Protons Protons are stable subatomic particles found in the nucleus of every atom. The number of protons in the nucleus is the proton number of that atom, which tells which element the atom belongs to. The proton number determines the relative position of the element on the periodic table.

Proton: Discovery Two scientists, W. Wien in 1898, and J.J.Thomson in 1910, concluded that a positive particle existed and had a mass equal to that of a hydrogen atom. In 1919, E.Rutherford demonstrated that particles were emitted when nitrogen was bombarded with alpha particles. In 1920 he proposed that these hydrogen nuclei were fundamental particles and he named them PROTONS.

Neutrons Neutrons are subatomic particles found in the nucleus of every atom. The number of neutrons in the nucleus does not follow a regular pattern. The number of neutrons can vary even for atoms of the same element.(Isotope) Neutrons have no charge.

Neutrons Discovery: Neutrons were the last of the three main subatomic particles to be discovered, being first recorded in 1932.

Concept Map

Imagine This! If an atom were the size of a football stadium, the nucleus would be the size of a marble! If people were the size of atoms, all the people living on the earth today would fit on the head of a pin!