Do Now What is brass? What element(s) is it made from? What is it used for?

Objectives 1. SWBAT define allotropes and explain why there are different types. 2. SWBAT try to solve a problem in which three very different substances are made from the same element. 3. SWBAT define alloys and apply them to their coin design. 4. SWBAT finish their lab from before break.

2D Materials: Designing for Desired Properties

Materials: Designing for Desired Properties Depletion of Earth’s chemical resources Motivators to consider alternatives Scarcity Cost Environmental factors Economic factors Political factors

Materials: Designing for Desired Properties One alternative might be to find, modify, or create new materials that could substitute for the resource Requirements for an ideal substitute Plentiful Inexpensive Has useful properties that match or exceed those of the original resource

2D.1 Structure and Properties: Allotropes ChemQuandry, p. 184 – A Case of Elusive Identity

2D.1 Structure and Properties: Allotropes

Different forms of Carbon a) diamond b) graphite d) buckminsterfullerine (buckeyball)

2D.1 Structure and Properties: Allotropes Allotropes are different forms of the same element that each have distinctly different chemical or physical properties Must be in same state Caused by different structures – how atoms are linked and organized

2D.1 Structure and Properties: Allotropes Video Clip: Structure and Properties: Allotropes

2.D.6 Allows and Semiconductors Alloy: Solid combination of atoms from two or more metals EX. Brass (copper and zinc)

Do Now List 3 motivators to start a search for alternative chemical resources. List 3 allotropes of carbon.

Objectives 1. SWBAT define ceramics and ceramics engineering 2. SWBAT list properties of ceramics 3. SWBAT finish the Convering copper lab 4. SWBAT work in small groups to research metals, create a model, and create a presentation on their coin.

TONIGHT’S HOMEWORK 1. Wear or bring long pants 2. Wear or bring close toed shoes 3. Bring 3 pennies to class IF YOU ARE NOT DRESSED APPROPRIATELY, YOU WILL NOT PARTICIPATE IN LAB.

2D.3 Engineered Materials Ceramics Clay – one of the most plentiful substances on Earth Made of Al 2 O 3  2SiO 2  2H 2 O (kaolinitem a mineral) & Mg +2, Na 1+, K +1 Clay + Water  Mixture to mold & heat into pottery & bricks

2D.3 Engineered Materials

Ceramics – Useful Properties - Durability Hardness Rigidity Low chemical reactivity Resistance to wear Medical applications (e.g., hip replacements)

2D.3 Engineered Materials Engineered Ceramics Produced by newly developed techniques & materials Useful Properties High melting points Strength at high temperatures

2D.3 Engineered Materials Applications Substitutes for steel (e.g., high- temperaturediesel or turbine engines – high efficiency –reduce fuel costs Computer circuit board resistors – less brittle

Quiz on 2.D. Allotropes Alloys Requirements for substitute materials Requirements for needing substitutes Ceramics (Engineering) Striking it Rich (Lab 2.D.) Quiz on:

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