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Characteristic Of Animals Multicellular Heterotrophic No Cell Walls Most are Motile Eukaryotic 2

Animals are grouped according to the presence or absence of a backbone. Animals with backbones are called vertebrates while animals without backbones are called invertebrates. 3

What must animal do in order to survive? Feeding- Energy Respiration- Exchange gases Circulation- move materials around the body Excretion- get rid of waste Response- react to external stimuli. Movement- Move from place to place. Reproduction- create new organisms. 4

Symmetry Symmetry is the arrangement of body parts around a central point or line. 5

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Phyla of invertebrates include 1.Porifera 2.Cnidarian 3.Flatworms 4.Roundworms 5.Segmented wormsSegmented worms 6.MollusksMollusks 7.ArthropodsArthropods 8.EchinodermsEchinoderms i n o r d e r o f i n c r e a s i n g c o m p l e x i t y 7

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Simple, multi-cellular animals No nervous system but some do react to stimuli by producing toxins. Live attached to hard surface - sessile Asymmetry Filter Feeders 9

Clip Ecology Habitat for marine animals Symbiotic relationships with green algae & bacteria. 10

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Corals, Jellyfish, sea anemones, hydras  Have nerve cells- nerve net- that can sense the environment.  Immobilize and kill prey with stinging cells on tentacles  Can detect light through structures called ocelli. Body Plan Radial Symmetry Have tissues Polyp Medusa 12

Ecology: Coral Reefs- Symbiosis with algae Calcium Carbonate Clip 13

FLAT WORMS 14

Flatworms, liver flukes, tapeworms Usually parasitic can be free living and carnivores Can be aquatic or terrestrial 15

Soft, Flattened Have tissues and internal organs Have a simple nervous system. Bilaterally symmetrical Gas exchange through skin. Body structure 16

Cool Fact! They can regenerate missing parts and even grow a new planaria from a piece of one! 17

ROUND WORMS 18

Roundworms, hookworms free-living and parasitic aquatic and terrestrial Digestive system with two openings 19

Body Unsegmented Digestive system with two openings Exchange gases through body walls- through diffusion Movement: Contracting muscles 20

n o t f o r t h e s q u e a m i s h

Diseases caused by roundworms: Trichinosis In humans, can be contracted by eating infected pork. 5% of cases are fatal Ascarid Worm: Matures in the intestines of the host Eating vegetables that are not washed Hookworms Soil Walking barefoot anemia, malnutrition, and in children causes under-development 22

SEGMENTED WORMS 23

Segmented, Bilateral symmetry  Two way gut  -Feed by sucking in soil and decaying matter  Closed system-blood vessels  Ex: Earthworms, leeches 24

Ecology: Recycling in nature Diet of many birds Diet of fish Clip 25

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Latin mollus: “soft” Examples: snails, slugs, clams, squids, and octopi. 2nd Largest animal phylum on Earth Almost all habitats Soft-bodied animals, usually with a hard external shell. Some have lost the shell completely. Have internal organs Shells are made of calcium carbonate 28

Feeding: Can be herbivores, carnivores, filter feeders, detritivores, or parasites. Clip 29

Spiders, insects, centipedes, scorpions, shrimp, crabs, lobsters, butterflies 30

Major Characteristics: Segmented bodies covered in an exoskeleton chitin of chitin (Carbohydrate). Jointed appendages Legs, antennae Three segments: Head, Thorax, Abdomen 31

 Exoskeleton Protection Helps prevent water loss Provides framework for muscle attachment Does not grow. When the organism outgrows it, it molts. MetamorphosisMetamorphosis (Insects) Adult stage and larval stage do not compete for food. Feeding:Feeding: Can be herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores. 33

Reproduction Internal fertilization land or external Aquatic Circulation Open circulatory system Well developed heart with arteries and vessels 34.1

Response Well developed nervous system with brain Sensitive organs such as eyes and taste receptors Clip 34.2

Arthropod Diversity!! Clip 35

Insects and HumansDOWNS Termites destroy wood Moths eat cloth Locusts destroy crops Cotton Boll Weevils Mosquitoes and diseasesUPS Bees, butterflies, etc., pollinate crops Some produce silk, wax, honey Food 36 Termites

Insects and communication Sounds- chirps, buzz Light- Male fireflies Chemicals- Pheromones (mate, danger, or alert) Clip

Insect Societies Complex group that works together for the good of the colony. Different roles are preformed by groups called castes. Each castes has a different body form to carry out their specific task. Very sophisticated communication. Bees Dance! Ants leave pheromone trails. Carpenter ant castes, from left to right: queen, winged male, major worker, minor worker Clip

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“Spiny Skin” ~7,000 species Sea stars, sand dollars, and sea urchins Clip 38

All are aquatic- marine  Spiny skin  Internal Skeleton  Move with tube feet  “suction cup”  Sand dollars and sea urchins have moveable spines. Major Characteristics 39

Feeding: Various methods Sea Star: Pushes stomach out through its mouth (which is on the underside) into a clam and then digests. Can regenerate missing parts 40

Ecology: food sourceMajor food source for other marine animals control populationsCarnivorous echinoderms help control populations of clams destroys coral“Crown of Thorns” sea star destroys coral reef systems. Clip 41

Review of the Invertebrates Clip