9/11: A Time to Reflect How did the event of 9/11 affect worldviews? -Of the United States -Of Canada -Of the Middle East Write your answer on a lined piece of paper in your binder

Bell Work: The Feudal System What do you think this editorial cartoon is saying? Who would the workers be in the feudal system? Who would the men looking down be?

Bell Work: Quiz Yourself Try your best to answer the following questions. Use your notes if you are having difficulties 1) What three factors shape worldview (hint: diagram) 2) Name three events that set the stage for the Renaissance. Explain why each event was important and how it created change. 3) What is worldview? How did the trade and travel happening on the “Silk Road” affect the people of the Middle Age’s worldview

Review Review Review 1) a. Geography: Where people live b. Contact with other groups: Learning and opening our minds through interactions with other people c. Ideas and knowledge: Sharing information with one another, allows us to see new perspectives. 2) Silk Road: Helped with the trade of goods and information. Crusades: A series of wars (200 years) between the most powerful religions at the time: Christians and Muslims. They were fighting over the Holy Land. Helped with trade, the exchange of knowledge (scholastics, science, math, astronomy, and medicine) and the beginning of universities. Growth of Cities and Towns: People moving in hopes of finding wealth (jobs). The result of these cities and towns was the loss of the feudal system, and the people (peasants and serfs) feeling empowered. 3) Worldview: A collection of values and beliefs about life and the universe that is common to a group of people. The Silk Road allowed for people to travel, trade and interact with other people. They were encouraged to learn about other religions, and learn about new cultures.

The Middle Ages (300 – mid 1400’s CE)

What was the Middle Age? A historical period in Europe stretching from the fall of the Roman Empire in the 4th century to the beginning of the Renaissance in the 14th century ◦ Medieval period ◦ Dark ages Why do you think that this time period has been referred to as the “Dark Ages”?

Medieval Thoughts/Worldviews Most Christian Europeans shared a religious worldview that God was the center of human existence The beliefs of the poor presented a worldview in which they accepted a harsh, short life on earth believing they would be rewarded after death by going to heaven. Wealthier people donated money and did work for the church in hopes that God would reward them in the afterlife The Church influenced art and architecture because most artists worked for the Church. Rarely did anyone question the ideas and teachings of the Church. No one questioned the importance of religion.

Watch this clip and then answer this question: How would a person's worldview in the middle ages be affected if they were never able to travel beyond the borders of their village or town?

What were the Middle ages like? Feudal system ◦ A political-economic-social system of landholding. Class structure very rigid Watch the clip: The Annoying Peasant

The Middle Ages: A Feudal Life Website Explain this illustration in your own words If you could choose, where would you want to be?

What were the Middle Ages Like? The basic chain of feudalism was as follows: 1. God 2. Kings 3. Nobles (Barons, Bishops, etc.) 4. Knights- who did not own land 5. Serfs or peasants- who did not own land

What were the Middle Ages Like? Rise of the Catholic Church ◦ Most of Europe converted to Catholicism ◦ Pope of grand importance. Had great power in all aspects of life ◦ Influence on art, litterature, achitecture Three estates (Social Classes) ◦ Aristocracy ◦ Clergy ◦ Commons

What were the Middle Ages Like? Knighthood ◦ Duty of male above a commoner was in the military ◦ Dubbed once intense training ended ◦ Fierce warriors loyal to the state Women in the Middle Ages ◦ No political rights ◦ Subservient to men ◦ Husband or father determined her position

What were the key events of the Middle Ages that set the stage for the Renaissance? Growth of cities and towns ◦ Eventually, the increasing population in cities and towns made the feudal system close to obsolete. ◦ New classes emerged (upper, middle, lower)

What were the key events of the Middle Ages that set the stage for the Renaissance? The Silk Road ◦ A trade route that passed from the eastern borders of Europe terminating in the desert regions of western China ◦ Traded items such as silk, glassware, spices, paper etc ◦ Other things passed along  Understanding of religion, science, technology, philosophy, music and math. ◦ Made people want to become traders and travel ◦ Not all things passed in the Silk Road were good  Spread disease (black death)

Europeans goods and inventions made their way to China and Japan as well Ideas and knowledge were also spread through the traders who were always making new connections in new societies in order to meet the demands of the European consumers

Trading On the Silk Road

Discussion!!! How are ideas changed as they pass through different people? How are ideas spread in our society today? Why was the spreading of ideas so important to the changes that were about to occur in European society?

What were the key events of the Middle Ages that set the stage for the Renaissance? The Crusades ◦ The Crusades ( ), a series of wars waged by European Christians against Muslims, were waged during the period. ◦ Results of the crusades  Scholasticism (discovery and study of ancient Greek writtings)  Increase in trade (food and clothing materials)  National taxes  Advances in art, science and technology  Universities

What were the key events of the Middle Ages that set the stage for the Renaissance? The Magna Carta ◦ The Magna Carta was signed by King John in ◦ The Magna Carta was a document that limited the Church’s power. The Hundred Years War ◦ The English and French entered into the Hundred Years’ War ( ) ◦ This war showed that England was no longer represented by the knight but by the commoner. Common people were taking up the fight for their country.

The Peasants Revolt!!! Because of high rents and taxes, peasants in both England and France revolted in a war that came to be known as "The Hundred Years War". The peasants' concerns were not resolved during this conflict. This lead to an increasing challenge to the feudal system which opened the door to new thoughts about European society. Increasing wealth and the rise in the creation and population of towns also lead to a less rigid social structure. People began to focus on money rather than land as a source of wealth.

What were the key events of the Middle Ages that set the stage for the Renaissance? The Black Death (Bubonic Plague) ◦ The Black Death, or bubonic plague, struck England in ◦ The Black Death was highly contagious and killed approximately one third of the population. ◦ The Black Death caused the end of feudalism.

The Black Plague Documentary

The Islamic Empire The center of the Islamic world was at the crossroads of the Silk Road. All trade between the Middle East and Europe was controlled by Muslims. This made the Muslim Empire the center for learning during the Middle Ages -Scholarship -Science -Math, astronomy, and medicine

A New Age… Society was changing. The emergence of busy towns and increasing wealth in the middle class meant that society was less rigidly organized. A period of great creativity in the arts and sciences was about to begin.

The Result? A NEED FOR REBIRTH!!!!

Bell Work: Study Guide Things you may want to look over before tomorrows quiz! Write these down!!! 1) Know your definitions! Worldview Beliefs Values Middle Ages Feudal System 2) Know the three factors that shape worldview and be able to explain! 3) Understand the different levels of the feudal system 4) Study the different events that led to the Renaissance (The Silk Road is a big one!!!) Try not to memorize! I challenge you to understand!!! If you have any questions or concerns come see me afterschool or in the morning. I get here around 8:00am! You will all do amazing!!!!