Chapter 2 The Human World S.2 – Global Cultures

Culture What do you think culture is? The way of life of a group of people Share similar beliefs and customs Group of people with common characteristics

Elements of Culture 1. History 2. Language 3. Religion 4. Entertainment/Recreation 5. Cultural Expression 6. Social Classes 7. Social Groups 8. Economic Activities 9. Government 10. Culture Regions

1. History For the most part the majority of people within a specific cultural group share a common background

2. Language Strongest unifying force for culture Through language people communicate information and experiences and pass on cultural values and traditions Verbal and Non-verbal

3. Religion Provides a sense of identity Provides structure for moral values, celebration of holidays and festivals, etc

World Religions

4. Entertainment What a cultural group does for fun

5. Cultural Expressions The way a cultural group expresses their ideas throughout the world In forms of –  Paintings  Sculptures  Architecture  Music  Dance

6. Social Classes Ranking of groups of people based on factors such as:  Education  Ancestry  Wealth

7. Social Groups Family group – most important unit A culture may include people who belong to different ethnic groups Ethnic Groups – made up of people who share a common language, history, place of origin, or a combination of all these elements

8. Economic Activities The way people make a living

9. Government The type of government that exist within a cultural group influences ways of thought for that particular group

10. Culture Regions A region that includes many different countries that share similar characteristics such as:  Economic systems  Forms of govt  Social groups  Histories  Religions

World Culture Regions

Culture We are very familiar with culture because we see it everyday

Cultural Change Does culture stay the same? Internal and external factors are always changing cultures Internal: new ideas, lifestyles, & inventions External: trade, migration, war Cultural Diffusion!!! The spread of ideas from one culture to another

Cultural Diffusion I. Agricultural Revolution – We used to be nomads (people that move from place to place) The invention of farming allowed people to settle in one place creating CIVILIZATIONS

Cultural Diffusion Cultural Hearths – centers of civilizations whose ideas and practices spread to surrounding areas Most influential –  Egypt  Iraq  Pakistan  China  Mexico

World Culture Hearths

Cultural Diffusion Trade – the development of civilizations allowed for the creation of technology The invention of new technology gave way to long distance trade and the spread of ideas

Cultural Diffusion Permanent Migration – the movement of people gives way to the movement of ideas Migrants carry their cultures with them, and their ideas and practices often blend with those of the people already living in the migrant’s adopted country

Cultural Diffusion Industrial & Informational Revolution Industrial – the transformation of economies led to social changes Informational – globalization!