Parts of Speech There are eight parts of speech: noun adverb pronoun preposition verb interjection adjective conjunction

Parts of Speech Noun – names a person, place, thing, or idea boy, dog, Louisiana, pencil, love, peace Subject – the key noun or nouns that tells what the sentence is about The crazy boy screamed loudly.

Parts of Speech Verb – a word that expresses action or a state of being know, walk, see, be, are Predicate – verb or verbs that express the essential thought about the subject of the sentence. The crazy boy screamed loudly.

Start by drawing a horizontal and vertical line: Diagramming Start by drawing a horizontal and vertical line: Simple predicate Simple subject

The boy walked. A mean dog barked loudly. Diagramming The boy walked. A mean dog barked loudly. boy walked dog barked

Diagramming Imperative Sentences – sentence that gives a command; the subject is understood “you” Clean your room now! clean (you)

Diagramming Questions – turn the sentence around to make it a declarative sentence. Are you going to the party? You are going to the party. are going you

Diagramming Diagram the following sentences: A loud bird chirped. The family traveled to Florida. Answer the phone. A horse galloped quickly. Did you see that movie yet?

Parts of Speech Adjective – modifies, or describes, a noun or pronoun by providing more information or giving a specific detail. It tells what kind, how many, which one. funny, red, five, this, lazy Article – the adjectives a, an, the.

Diagramming Place adjectives, including articles, on a slanted line beneath the word they modify. Simple subject Simple predicate Adjective

The boy walked. A mean dog barked. Diagramming The boy walked. A mean dog barked. boy walked The dog barked A mean

Diagramming Diagram the following sentences: A loud bird chirped. The big family traveled. Crazy boys ran. A large horse galloped. The happy friends laughed.

Parts of Speech Adverb – modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb. They tell how, where, when, or to what extent. They often end in –ly. slowly, quickly, joyfully yesterday, today, tomorrow, never very, incredibly, quite here, there

An adverb that modifies a verb: Diagramming An adverb that modifies a verb: subject verb adverb

Diagramming The boy walked slowly. boy walked The slowly

An adverb that modifies an adjective: Diagramming An adverb that modifies an adjective: subject verb adjective adverb

A very wild horse galloped quickly. Diagramming A very wild horse galloped quickly. horse galloped A wild quickly very

An adverb that modifies an adverb: Diagramming An adverb that modifies an adverb: subject verb adverb adverb

The boy walked very slowly. Diagramming The boy walked very slowly. boy walked The slowly very

Diagramming Diagram the following sentences: A very loud bird chirped nicely . The quite big family traveled. The very crazy boys ran quickly. Today, a large horse galloped. The happy friends laughed very loudly.

Pronouns pronoun – word that takes the place of one or more nouns and the words that describe those nouns.

Pronouns subject pronoun – takes the place of the subject of a sentence Singular I you he, she, it Plural we you they

Pronouns subject pronoun – takes the place of the subject of a sentence Diagram the same as a subject: She ate quickly. she ate quickly

Possessive Pronouns possessive pronouns – shows who or what has something Singular – my, your, his, her, its Plural – our, your, their

Possessive Pronouns Diagrammed the same as adjectives My sister arrived today. sister arrived My today

Parts of Speech Transitive verb – verb that is followed by a noun that answers the question what? or who? Intransitive verb - verb that is not followed by a noun that answers the question what? or who?

Parts of Speech He ate the cake. ate what? – cake Transitive The boys played yesterday. played what? – no answer Intransitive Mary hugged her friend. hugged who? – friend

Parts of Speech Write each verb and T or I. The boys played baseball. We studied a lot yesterday. The bird sang a song. Today, Mary hugged Jane. The nice teacher spoke quietly.

Parts of Speech Direct object – noun that answers the question who? or what? after transitive verb. Bob ate a pizza. The dog stole the bone. The pilot landed the plane. Brady hit the girl.

Diagramming a direct object: subject transitive verb direct object

Diagramming Bobby ate pizza. Bobby ate pizza

The young girl ate a very large pizza today. Diagramming The young girl ate a very large pizza today. girl ate pizza a The young large today very

Types of Sentences There are four types of sentences: Declarative – makes a statement. The boys walked slowly. Interrogative – asks a question Are you going to the party? Imperative – gives a command or makes a request Clean your room this afternoon. Exclamatory – expresses strong emotion That dinner was excellent!

Diagramming Imperative Sentences In an imperative sentence, the subject is always understood you. The you is placed in parentheses. Clean the room. (you) Clean room the

Diagramming Sentences Diagram the following sentences. Yesterday, the young girls wrote a quite funny song. Do this math homework immediately. The new principal gave a very long speech. The quite old lady spoke softly. Bake a delicious chocolate cake today.

Indirect Object Indirect object – answers to whom? or for whom? the verb’s action is done only in sentences with a direct object always comes before the direct object

Indirect Object Shana gave her brother a gift. gave what? gift – DO to whom? brother – IO The man gave Mary a rose. gave what? rose– DO to whom? Mary – IO

Diagramming an indirect object: subject predicate direct object indirect object

Diagramming an indirect object: The teacher gave the students a test.

Indirect Object The boy gave the hungry dog a bone. The woman baked the family a chocolate cake. The father gave the boy a long lecture. A friend gave the girl a hug.

Prepositions Preposition - word that relates a noun or a pronoun to another word in a sentence.

Common Prepositions about above across after against along among around at before behind below beneath beside between beyond by down during for from in inside into

Common Prepositions like near of off on onto out outside over since through throughout to toward under until up upon with within without

Prepositional Phrase prepositional phrase - group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun called the object of the preposition.

Prepositional Phrase The shoe was under the bed. We walked through the woods. The car sped around the corner. The book is on the table.

Diagramming Prepositional Phrases Connects to the noun or verb that it modifies. Preposition goes on a slanted line Object of the preposition goes on the horizontal line subject predicate preposition object of the preposition

Diagramming Prepositional Phrases The man across the street screamed at the boys. man screamed at The across boys street the the

Diagramming Prepositional Phrases Diagram the following sentences: The big boys in the crowded hall ran very quickly. After the crazy party, the tired kids slept soundly. The young man in the red car sped down the quiet road.

Pronouns object pronoun – takes the place of an object in a sentence Singular me you him, her, it Plural us you them

Pronouns Diagrammed the same as subjects and other objects He screamed at her. He screamed at her