IAFS 1000 Introduction to the Middle East

Major themes?

Paternalism Unplanned empire Partition Nation-state Eur control of local soc (collab/resist) Conflict Cultural division

Today’s Lecture Background on Islam British empire in ME Ottoman empire Khilafat movement

Countries with Largest Muslim Populations?

Country 2009 Muslim Population Percentage of Muslims Indonesia202,867, % Pakistan174,082, % India160,945, % Bangladesh145,312, % Egypt78,513, % Nigeria78,056, % Iran73,777, % Turkey73,619,000~98% Algeria34,199, % Morocco31,993,000~99% Pew Charitable Trust, Mapping the Global Muslim Population (2009)

Islam الله‎ = = “the God” = “struggle, striving” Allah Jihad = جهاد‎ Not monolithic

British Interests in the Middle East Access to India –1869: Suez Canal Egypt –1882: British occupation –1919: mass opposition –1922: “independence” xu-oclc world_pol_ jpg

British Interests in the Middle East Oil –1908: oil discovered –1911: Royal Navy reliance on oil Preserving status quo xu-oclc world_pol_ jpg

Ottoman Empire Centered in modern Turkey Young Turks –WWI: Aligned with Germany – Armenian genocide 1920: Treaty of Sevres –power vacuum filled by Br and Fr “mandates”