The State of Texas Children: Using Data to Advance Your Child Well- being Agenda Frances Deviney, PhD Texas KIDS COUNT Director Center for Public Policy Priorities Texas State Capitol January 16, 2009

Good decisions are based on GOOD DATA that is timely, comprehensive, geographically appropriate and readily available.

Data for You!!!! Background research for bills & bill summaries Talking points for press Highlight areas of need in speeches Handout to visitors/constituents Showcase your research skills to benefit your boss, the children of your district, and the children of Texas

Nearly 6.4 Million Children in Texas Source: Ages 0-17, Texas State Data Center and the Office of the State Demographer, 2006 Population Estimates

52% of all Texas kids live in just seven metro counties Source: Ages 0-17, Texas State Data Center and the Office of the State Demographer, 2006 Population Estimates

Texas’ Children: Now and in the Future Source: Texas State Data Center; 2006 Population Projections using 1.0 Scenario 6,376,714 8,150,473 11,084,621

Texas Public Schools: A Testing Ground for Overall Child Well-being

More than half of kids in Texas Public Schools Considered Economically Disadvantaged Source: 2008 Enrollment Data, Texas Education Agency

Gaps in Achievement

Fewer Economically Disadvantaged Kids Across Texas Pass the TAKS Tests Source: 2008 TAKS data, Texas Education Agency (does not include results for tests given in Spanish)

TAKS Reading for Texas Source: 2008 TAKS data, Texas Education Agency

TAKS Math for Texas Source: 2008 TAKS data, Texas Education Agency

How Many Economically Disadvantaged Kids Not Passing? Reading = 276,000+ Math = 453,000+ Science = 206,000+ Social Studies = 52,000+ Writing = 43,000+

Gaps in Attainment

Economically Disadvantaged and Minority Students Drop Out at Higher Rates Source: Class of 2007 dropout data, Texas Education Agency

Gaps in Employment

Source: Texas Data, Median Earnings in Past 12 Months for Bexar Co. Population 25 and Over, 2007 American Community Survey 1-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (Table B20004) Having a Degree Translates into Higher Annual Earnings

Texas Dropouts Nearly Twice as Likely to Live in Poverty as Graduates Source: Table C17003, 2007 American Community Survey 1-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau

“The achievement gap can be substantially narrowed only when school improvement is combined with social and economic reform” Richard Rothstein, “Class and Schools”

Family & Community Economic Security

“It is unrealistic to expect to change schools in any deep way without dealing with some of the issues that arise with poverty.” Richard Rothstein as cited in “Why Segregation Matters”

Nearly 1 of Every 4 Texas Children Lives in Poverty Source: Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, U.S. Census Bureau

Federal Poverty Guidelines $21,200Family of 4 < $20,650/year $17,600Family of 3 < $17,170/year $14,000Family of 2 < $13,690/year

Costs for Single-Parent, 2-Child Family in San Antonio Health insurance = $118 - $543/month Two-bedroom apartment = $715/month Child care = $806/month Food + Transportation + Other = $1057 Total Monthly Expenses = $2,695-$3,189 Source: Family Budget Estimator, CPPP,

Necessary Income for Single-Parent, 2-Child Family in San Antonio Hourly = $16 - $21/hour Annual = $31,950 - $41,173 Source: Family Budget Estimator, CPPP,

One in Three Bexar Co. Families Headed by Single Parent Source: 2007 ACS, U.S. Census Bureau

Using FBE budgets for one-parent, two-child families in San Antonio... If HAVE employer-sponsored insurance: only 58% can’t cover expenses If buy insurance on open-market: 74% can’t cover expenses Source: Population Reference Bureau analysis of U.S. Census Bureau’s 2006 American Community Survey income data compared of to CPPP’s Family Budget Estimates.

Texas Median Income Increases Slightly, But Purchasing Power on General Decline Source: KIDS COUNT Data Center, Families with Related Children, American Community Survey, Census Bureau Median Income Median Income Adjusted to Purchasing Power in 2000

Texas Among Worst States for Income Inequality in 2007 Source: Gini Coefficients (0=perfect equality, 1 = perfect inequality) from Bishaw, A., and Semega, J. (2008). Income, earnings, and poverty: Data from the 2007 American Community Survey. U.S. Census Bureau.

Infant and Child Health

Source: Kids 0-18, KIDS COUNT State-Level Data Online, Annie E. Casey Foundation

Of the 49,000 MORE Uninsured Texas Kids in 2006: Nearly 6 out of 10 live in families with low to moderate incomes Source: 3-year average data ( vs ) for children ages 0-18, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau

Children Receiving Health Coverage Through Parent’s Employer Source: March Supplement data, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau

Services for Texas Children Medicaid –UP 29%, over 2.8M enrolled (Aug 2003-May 2009) CHIP –DOWN 10%, from 506K (8/03) to 454K enrolled (12/08) CHIP Perinatal –59K Perinates and Moms covered (Dec 2008) Source: Texas Health and Human Services Commission

Infant Health in Bexar Co. Inadequate prenatal care –Nearly 1 of every 4 babies (24% or 91K) born to a mother who received late or no prenatal care (2005) Low Birthweight Babies (Born <5.5 pounds) –12% Worse (2000 to 2005) : 32K or 8.3% of all births (2005) Infant mortality rate –12% Worse (2000 to 2005), 2515 babies or 6.5 per 1,000 live births (2005) Source: Texas Department of State Health Services, 2005 Birth Data

Child Nutrition

Texas Ranks 48 th in Food Insecurity 1 in 6 Texas families (with 1.4M kids) Hungry children: –Miss more school –Less attentive –More likely to fail and be held back –More likely to drop out Source: Nord et al. (2007); Brown et al. (2007)

Participation Rates in Texas’ Hunger & Nutrition Programs Food Stamps –UP 150% (2000 to 2006) to 24% participation (1.5M kids) (2006) WIC (ages 0-4) –UP 5% (2000 to 2006) : 731K or 39% (2006) Free or Reduced-Price Lunch –UP 12% (2000 to 2008), 2.6M kids or 59% public school students (2008) Source: Texas Department of Health and Human Services; Texas Department of State Health Services, Texas Department of Agriculture

Early Care & Education

Early Care and Education Options for Texas Children Subsidized Child Care Enrollment (ages 0-12) –UP 11%, to over 237K or 5.2% ( ) Subsidized Child Care Waiting List –Over 33,000 (Dec 2008) Head Start (ages 3-4) –DOWN 4%, to under 64,000 or 8.9% ( ) Source: Texas Workforce Commission; U.S. Administration for Children and Families

Much to be Thankful for in Texas

More Texas Children Going to Pre-Kindergarten Source: Texas Education Agency

Births to Teens in Texas Declining Source: Texas Department of State Health Services

High School Attrition Rate Shows Consistent Decline for TX, Recent Increase in Bexar Co. Source: Intercultural Development Research Association

Juvenile Violent Crimes Better Than Mid-1990s for Texas, Higher for Bexar Source: Texas Department of Public Safety

Five Fundamental Resources for Kids Source: The Alliance for Youth, America’s Promise Caring adults Safe places & constructive use of time A healthy start An effective education Opportunities to make a difference

“Investing in disadvantaged young children is ‘a rare public policy initiative that promotes fairness and social justice and at the same time promotes productivity in the economy and in society at large.’” Economist and Nobel Laureate James Heckman

What can we do? Close eligibility and service gaps Ensure receipt of federal bonus funds for improved enrollment of currently-eligible children in CHIP Improve Texan’s ability to get private coverage Ensure our work support system actually supports working families Make higher education accessible and affordable Expand job training and career development

Upcoming Briefings January 21 st, 3:00-4:30pm –Budget and Revenue Outlook for 81 st Session January 30 th, 10:30-3:00 –TX CHIP Coalition: Goals for Children’s Healthcare February 13 th, 2:30-4:00 –Expanding Private Health Insurance February 27 th, TBA –Investing in Texas Children

Finding the Data You Need!! Using Kids Count Data to Advance Your Child Well-being Agenda

State Data Book Current State and County Data Profiles

Community-Level Information on Kids (CLIKS) All Texas KIDS COUNT Data from 1993-Present

Census Data by Legislative District Data for your State Senate or House District from the 2000 Census

State & City-Level Data Examine data over time, across states, or across major cities

State by state comparisons ONLY!!

Contact Information Frances Deviney, PhD Texas KIDS COUNT Director (512) ext. 106

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