ITU activities related to disaster management and early warning Richard Hill Counsellor, ITU-T Study Groups 2 and 3 CAP Implementers Workshop, Geneva, 9, 10 December 2008

Outline Introduction Introduction Radiocommunication Sector Radiocommunication Sector Telecommunication Standardization Sector Telecommunication Standardization Sector Telecommunication Development Sector Telecommunication Development Sector Future work Future work Conclusion Conclusion

Introduction

ITU Overview ITU ITU-T Telecommunication standardization of network and service aspects ITU-R Radiocommunication standardization and global radio spectrum management ITU-D Assisting implementation and operation of telecommunications in developing countries 191 Member States +700 Sector Members Helping the World Communicate

Role of ITU in TDR/ETS/EWS In five words, Committed to connecting the world: even more so in distress situations! In five words, Committed to connecting the world: even more so in distress situations! Long-time work on telecom for emergency situations Long-time work on telecom for emergency situations –Morse code …(it was a long time ago…) Three recent examples Three recent examples –Tampere Convention to facilitate exchange of telecom equipment in disaster relief operations –WRC-07: allocated additional spectrum for radiocommunication systems involved in disaster prediction/detection and emergency communications –Standardization work on call priority & alert message delivery Plenipotentiary Conference Resolution 136 Plenipotentiary Conference Resolution 136 –Use of telecommunications/ICTs for monitoring and management in emergency & disaster situations for early warning, prevention, mitigation and relief –Use of telecommunications/ICTs for monitoring and management in emergency & disaster situations for early warning, prevention, mitigation and relief

ITUs role in Disaster Reduction (1) Prediction and detection - using radio-based remote sensing systems Prediction and detection - using radio-based remote sensing systems Mitigation Mitigation –Damage assessment for planning relief operations –Spectrum management –Establishment of globally/regionally harmonized frequency bands –Application of terrestrial and space (satellite) radiocommunication services –Global circulation of emergency equipment –Support to emergency broadcasting, maritime and public safety signals All types of networks All types of networks

ITUs role in Disaster Reduction (2) Preparedness Preparedness –Radio spectrum to be used for relief operations –Standards for public telecommunication services International emergency for preference scheme for disaster relief International emergency for preference scheme for disaster relief Message broadcast Message broadcast –Global network security –Interoperability of telecom networks

ITUs role in Disaster Reduction (3) Response Response –Appropriate project management techniques –Legal and regulatory issues (Tampere + GSR) –Universal access (early warning) –Capacity building (preparedness) –Relief (response) –Reconstruction –Partnerships (e.g., INMARSAT, WMO, WGET, OCHA, IARU)

Scenarios for emergency communications Four communication scenarios: Four communication scenarios: –Citizen to citizen –Authority to authority –Authority to citizen –Citizen to authority ITU has worked in scenarios 1, 2 and 3. More work could be done ITU has worked in scenarios 1, 2 and 3. More work could be done Could work on scenario 4 (more relevant to day-to-day emergency situations: fire, police, call for medical assistance, etc) Could work on scenario 4 (more relevant to day-to-day emergency situations: fire, police, call for medical assistance, etc)

How the work progresses? ITUs work is contribution-driven: contributions progress ITUs work is contribution-driven: contributions progress Governments, users (including intergovernmental agencies and NGOs), manufacturers need to bring in proposals to enhance the features of existing systems Governments, users (including intergovernmental agencies and NGOs), manufacturers need to bring in proposals to enhance the features of existing systems Trend for initial focus to be on improving what already exists, in order to be implementable in a short time-frame Trend for initial focus to be on improving what already exists, in order to be implementable in a short time-frame

Radiocommunications

Disaster phases and the radio services involved Disaster prediction and detection – meteorological and Earth exploration satellite services Disaster prediction and detection – meteorological and Earth exploration satellite services Disaster alerting – broadcasting, fixed, mobile and related satellite services Disaster alerting – broadcasting, fixed, mobile and related satellite services Disaster relief – Amateur, broadcasting, fixed, mobile and related satellite services Disaster relief – Amateur, broadcasting, fixed, mobile and related satellite services

Disaster prediction and detection Meteorological and Earth exploration satellite services Operated in the main by government and international agencies Operated in the main by government and international agencies Play a major role in prediction and detection of disasters (such as hurricanes, earthquakes and tsunamis, floods, fires, dangerous pollution, etc.) Play a major role in prediction and detection of disasters (such as hurricanes, earthquakes and tsunamis, floods, fires, dangerous pollution, etc.)

Disaster alerting Alert the central/regional/local authorities responsible for warning the public – broadcasting, fixed, mobile, fixed/mobile- satellite systems Alert the central/regional/local authorities responsible for warning the public – broadcasting, fixed, mobile, fixed/mobile- satellite systems Issue warnings to the people likely to be affected Issue warnings to the people likely to be affected –Broadcasting (sound and television) –Mobile (such as TV, Radio, SMS / Cell broadcasting)

Disaster relief Amateur – a long history of aiding with communications during disasters Amateur – a long history of aiding with communications during disasters Earth exploration satellite – damage assessment and relief planning Earth exploration satellite – damage assessment and relief planning Fixed/mobile satellite - to rapidly restore communications capabilities, coordination of relief activities Fixed/mobile satellite - to rapidly restore communications capabilities, coordination of relief activities Fixed – transportable, higher capacity - point-to-point and local area Fixed – transportable, higher capacity - point-to-point and local area Mobile – coordination of relief activities, both private and public systems used Mobile – coordination of relief activities, both private and public systems used

Resolution 646 (WRC-03) Recommends use of regionally harmonized bands : Region 1: MHz as the frequency range within which the band / MHz is a preferred core harmonized band for permanent public protection activities within certain countries of Region 1; Region 1: MHz as the frequency range within which the band / MHz is a preferred core harmonized band for permanent public protection activities within certain countries of Region 1; Region 2: MHz, MHz, MHz; Region 2: MHz, MHz, MHz; Region 3: MHz, MHz, / MHz, MHz and MHz. Region 3: MHz, MHz, / MHz, MHz and MHz. Encourages administrations to facilitate cross- border circulation of radio equipment intended for use in disaster relief situations Encourages administrations to facilitate cross- border circulation of radio equipment intended for use in disaster relief situations

ITU Regions

Resolution 647 (WRC-07) Places emphasis on preparedness concerning spectrum needs in the phase immediately after an emergency has started Places emphasis on preparedness concerning spectrum needs in the phase immediately after an emergency has started Encourages administrations to maintain available frequencies for use in the very early stages of humanitarian assistance intervention for disaster relief Encourages administrations to maintain available frequencies for use in the very early stages of humanitarian assistance intervention for disaster relief Instructs ITU-BR to assist Member States with their emergency communication preparedness activities by establishing & maintaining a database of currently available frequencies for use in emergency situations Instructs ITU-BR to assist Member States with their emergency communication preparedness activities by establishing & maintaining a database of currently available frequencies for use in emergency situations Spectrum management guidelines for emergency and disaster relief radiocommunication NEW!

Assistance to ITU Member States with their emergency radiocommunication preparedness activities Assistance to ITU Member States with their emergency radiocommunication preparedness activities –E.g. listing of currently available frequencies for use in emergency situations for inclusion in a database maintained by BR Assist other international organizations (e.g. OCHA, WGET, IMO) with the development and dissemination of standard operating procedures for spectrum management in the event of disasters Assist other international organizations (e.g. OCHA, WGET, IMO) with the development and dissemination of standard operating procedures for spectrum management in the event of disasters Use of radiocommunications in disaster response and relief RA-07 Resolution ITU-R 53 53

It identifies areas that ITU-R Study Groups could address in their studies/activities and develop guidelines related to the management of radiocoms in disaster prediction, detection, mitigation and relief It identifies areas that ITU-R Study Groups could address in their studies/activities and develop guidelines related to the management of radiocoms in disaster prediction, detection, mitigation and relief This is to be done collaboratively within & outside ITU to avoid duplication This is to be done collaboratively within & outside ITU to avoid duplication ITU studies of disaster prediction, detection, mitigation and relief RA-07 Resolution ITU-R 55 55

Status of studies (samples) Early-warning systems Recommendation ITU-R BO.1774Use of satellite and terrestrial broadcast infrastructures for public warning, disaster mitigation and relief Recommendation ITU-R BO.1774Use of satellite and terrestrial broadcast infrastructures for public warning, disaster mitigation and relief Recommendation ITU-R S.1001Use of systems in the fixed-satellite service in the event of natural disasters and similar emergencies for warning and relief operations Recommendation ITU-R S.1001Use of systems in the fixed-satellite service in the event of natural disasters and similar emergencies for warning and relief operations Global circulation of equipment Recommendation ITU-R M.1637 Global cross-border circulation of radiocommunication equipment in emergency and disaster relief situations Recommendation ITU-R M.1637 Global cross-border circulation of radiocommunication equipment in emergency and disaster relief situations Recommendation ITU-R M.1579 Global circulation of IMT-2000 terminals Recommendation ITU-R M.1579 Global circulation of IMT-2000 terminals –Recognize the importance of the needs of organizations dealing with disaster relief

Status of studies – needs of future systems Report ITU-R M.2033 Radiocommunication objectives and requirements for public protection and disaster relief (PPDR) Defines objectives and needs for the implementation of future PPDR solutions Defines objectives and needs for the implementation of future PPDR solutions Focuses on operational needs around 2010 Focuses on operational needs around 2010

Status of studies – Amateur involvement Recommendation ITU-R M Disaster communications in the amateur and amateur-satellite services Encourages the development of robust, flexible and independent amateur service and amateur-satellite service networks, capable of providing communications during disasters and relief operations Encourages the development of robust, flexible and independent amateur service and amateur-satellite service networks, capable of providing communications during disasters and relief operations

Telecommunication Standardization

ITU-T work on TDR/EW [1] All ITU-T Recommendations are now publicly accessible for free at: Installation techniques for a sturdy outside plant (Handbook and L-series Recommendations) Installation techniques for a sturdy outside plant (Handbook and L-series Recommendations) X.1303: Common altering protocol based on OASIS CAP v1.1 X.1303: Common altering protocol based on OASIS CAP v1.1 E.106: Call preference scheme over the PSTN E.106: Call preference scheme over the PSTN –Support of E.106 in various ITU-defined systems E.107: Emergency telecommunications service (ETS) and interconnection framework for national implementations E.107: Emergency telecommunications service (ETS) and interconnection framework for national implementations Discussion on extension of the preference scheme to packet technologies (IP in particular) Discussion on extension of the preference scheme to packet technologies (IP in particular) –Creation of work items in the technical committees (Study Groups)

ITU-T work on TDR/EW [2] Preference scheme defined for two families of IP- based systems standardized by ITU: Preference scheme defined for two families of IP- based systems standardized by ITU: –H.323 Multimedia & VoIP (ITU-T H & H ) –IP-Cablecom (ITU-T J.260) Overview of the basic requirements, features, and concepts for emergency telecoms for NGN (ITU-T Y.1271) Overview of the basic requirements, features, and concepts for emergency telecoms for NGN (ITU-T Y.1271) Definition of a E.164 special country code for emergency communications under the responsibility of the UN Definition of a E.164 special country code for emergency communications under the responsibility of the UN Guidelines to select Emergency Number for public telecommunications networks (E.161.1) Guidelines to select Emergency Number for public telecommunications networks (E.161.1) Action Plan for Standardization on TDR/EW Action Plan for Standardization on TDR/EW ITU Compendium on Emergency Communications: Volume with all applicable ITU-T Recommendations ITU Compendium on Emergency Communications: Volume with all applicable ITU-T Recommendations Workshops: 2002 (ETS), 2006 (Public warning) Workshops: 2002 (ETS), 2006 (Public warning)

PCP-TDR * Coordination role: Coordination role: –Monitor the progress of technical standardization for telecommunications for disaster relief & early warning –Address coordination issues between the partners –Develop and maintain contact with entities not traditionally involved in standards development –Promote the adoption of existing standards Participation open to all key players: Participation open to all key players: –standards development organizations, –international telecommunication service providers, –related government departments, –disaster relief organizations and –other entities working in the field * Partnership Coordination Panel on Telecommunication for Disaster Relief and Mitigation

In Case of Emergency How to find out who to call if a person is injured or sick? How to find out who to call if a person is injured or sick? If they have a mobile phone, look at the contact list. If they have a mobile phone, look at the contact list. But there should be a multi-lingual way to see who to call. But there should be a multi-lingual way to see who to call. Amendment 1 to ITU-T Rec. E.123 provides this (approved Sep.2008). Amendment 1 to ITU-T Rec. E.123 provides this (approved Sep.2008).

Contents of mobile handset directory (example) Contact name Phone number 01home husband

Telecommunication Development Sector

Overview Emergency telecommunications is an integral part of BDT projects integrating telecommunications/information and communication technology in disaster predication, detection, and alerting. Emergency telecommunications is an integral part of BDT projects integrating telecommunications/information and communication technology in disaster predication, detection, and alerting. Four principles: Four principles: –Multi-hazard –Multi-technology –Multi-phased and –Multi-stakeholder

Key activities (1/2) Assisting countries to formulate policy and draft appropriate laws and regulations Assisting countries to formulate policy and draft appropriate laws and regulations Designing National Emergency Telecommunications Plans and formulating Standard Operating Procedures that are now used by countries Designing National Emergency Telecommunications Plans and formulating Standard Operating Procedures that are now used by countries Deploying of telecommunication resources such as broadband satellite terminals for basic voice communications and telemedicine Deploying of telecommunication resources such as broadband satellite terminals for basic voice communications and telemedicine Training/capacity building for relevant institutions Training/capacity building for relevant institutions Formulation of climate change adaptation strategies Formulation of climate change adaptation strategies Forging stakeholder partnerships as a form of resource mobilization, etc Forging stakeholder partnerships as a form of resource mobilization, etc

Key Activities (2/2) ICT Project management (Ensuring Disaster Resilience) ICT Project management (Ensuring Disaster Resilience) Training and capacity building (Emergency Telecommunications) Training and capacity building (Emergency Telecommunications) Development of manuals, handbooks, etc. Development of manuals, handbooks, etc. Telecommunications Infrastructure Reconstruction Telecommunications Infrastructure Reconstruction Develop Appropriate Regulatory Regime (Licensing for Disaster etc) Develop Appropriate Regulatory Regime (Licensing for Disaster etc)

Links Global Forum on Effective Use of Telecommunications / ICT for Disaster Management: Saving Lives, Geneva, December 2007: Global Forum on Effective Use of Telecommunications / ICT for Disaster Management: Saving Lives, Geneva, December 2007: Emergency Telecoms Newslog: Emergency Telecoms Newslog: Emergency Telecommunications Program main page: Emergency Telecommunications Program main page:

Recent events where CAP was discussed Training Workshop on Disaster Management including the Integration of Emergency Telecommunications Plans into Disaster Management Plans (Kigali, Rwanda, 9-11 July 2008) Training Workshop on Disaster Management including the Integration of Emergency Telecommunications Plans into Disaster Management Plans (Kigali, Rwanda, 9-11 July 2008) ITU Southern and Eastern Africa Workshop on the Use of Telecommunications/ICT for Disaster Management: Saving Lives (Lusaka, Zambia, 17–18 July 2008) ITU Southern and Eastern Africa Workshop on the Use of Telecommunications/ICT for Disaster Management: Saving Lives (Lusaka, Zambia, 17–18 July 2008) For more information, see: D/emergencytelecoms/events.html D/emergencytelecoms/events.html D/emergencytelecoms/events.html

Future work

Ongoing Telecom Development work Provide expertise as required to plan and deploy systems (including CAP) Provide expertise as required to plan and deploy systems (including CAP) Specific projects Specific projects Develop documentation, best practices, etc. Develop documentation, best practices, etc. Training and capacity building Training and capacity building

Ongoing standardization work Add-ons to existing system specifications: Add-ons to existing system specifications: –System override for emergency message broadcast: audio, audiovisual, text –Extension of short text messaging to fixed telephones (circuit-switched and IP/soft-phones) –Definition of methods to address multiple languages and communication for persons with disabilities, in particular for IP-based systems Framework for interconnection of priority schemes across the different systems (PSTN and different IP platforms, e.g. H.323, IP-Cablecom, SIP) and across proprietary/ privileged systems Framework for interconnection of priority schemes across the different systems (PSTN and different IP platforms, e.g. H.323, IP-Cablecom, SIP) and across proprietary/ privileged systems Definition of pre-allocated channel number for 3G mobile cell broadcast use Definition of pre-allocated channel number for 3G mobile cell broadcast use

Conclusion

Conclusions ITU has historically played an important role in communications for disaster prevention and mitigation ITU has historically played an important role in communications for disaster prevention and mitigation Work already has been done in certain areas in the radiocommunication and standardization sectors for existing systems as well as future systems (such as NGN) … but much more can be done. Work already has been done in certain areas in the radiocommunication and standardization sectors for existing systems as well as future systems (such as NGN) … but much more can be done. –For the work to progress: study groups need to receive proposals from the ITU members! For the way forward: For the way forward: –Understand users requirements –Identify the regulatory framework –Develop a set of global and compatible Standards –Cost aspects –Evolutionary approach –Respect national sovereignty –Partnership between Member States, private sector, Government Agencies, and NGOs Participate! (next slide for web resources) Participate! (next slide for web resources)

Web resources Main ITU emergency telecoms page Main ITU emergency telecoms page ITU-D emergency telecommunications page ITU-D emergency telecommunications page ITU-R emergency radiocommunications page ITU-R emergency radiocommunications page ITU-T emergency telecoms page ITU-T emergency telecoms page Partnership Coordination Panel on TDR/EW Partnership Coordination Panel on TDR/EW Radiocommunication Assembly 2007 Resolutions Radiocommunication Assembly 2007 Resolutions Tampere Convention Tampere Convention ISDR Platform for Promotion of EW ISDR Platform for Promotion of EW ITU-T Recommendations New! Free online! ITU-T Recommendations New! Free online! ITU-R Recommendations ITU-R Recommendations ITU-T Workshops ITU-T Workshops

Thank you Richard Hill Counsellor, ITU-T Study Groups 2 and 3