PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PART D 3 Cells and Tissues

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissues (6 types)  Found everywhere in the body  Most are vascular (blood supply)  Functions  Binds body tissues together  Provides support and protection

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Categories  1. Areolar or loose connective tissue  Most widely distributed connective tissue  Binds skin and fills space  Found beneath epithelial

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Types Figure 3.19e

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Categories  2. Adipose tissue (fat)  Functions  Insulates the body and fuel storage  Protects organs

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Types Figure 3.19f

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Categories  3. Dense connective tissue (thick fibers)  Poor blood supply makes slow tissue repair  Locations  Ligaments and Tendons  Vocal cords

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Types Figure 3.19d

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Categories  4. Cartilage  Made of chondrocytes – cartilage cells  Locations  Larynx, nose, ends of bones, rib cage, intervertebral discs  Entire fetal skeleton prior to birth

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Types Figure 3.19b

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Types Figure 3.19c

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Types  5. Bone (osseous tissue)  Composed of  Hard calcium salts  Collagen fibers  Used to protect and support the body

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Types Figure 3.19a

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Types  6. Blood (vascular tissue)  Blood cells are surrounded by blood plasma  Fibers seen during clotting  Transport vehicle for materials

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Types Figure 3.19h

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscle Tissue  Function is to produce movement  Three types  Skeletal muscle  Cardiac muscle  Smooth muscle

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscle Tissue Types  Skeletal muscle  “Voluntary”  Long, cylindrical and striated  Biceps, quads

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscle Tissue Types Figure 3.20a

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscle Tissue Types  Smooth muscle  “Involuntary”  Found in organ walls  Characteristics  No striations  Spindle-shaped cells

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscle Tissue Types Figure 3.20c

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscle Tissue Types  Cardiac muscle  Involuntary  Heart only  Function is to pump blood

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscle Tissue Types Figure 3.20b

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Nervous Tissue  Neurons  Function is to send impulses  Locations  Brain  Spinal Cord  Nerves

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Nervous Tissue Figure 3.21

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Tissue Repair (Wound Healing)  Regeneration  Replacement by the same kind of cells  Fibrosis  Repair by dense (fibrous) connective tissue (scar tissue)  Determination of method  Type of tissue damaged  Severity of the injury

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Events in Tissue Repair 1. A clot walls off the injured area 2. Rebuild collagen fibers 3. Regeneration of surface epithelium 4. Scab detaches

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Regeneration of Tissues  Tissues that regenerate easily  Epithelial  Fibrous connective tissues and bone  Tissues that regenerate poorly  Skeletal muscle  Tissues that are replaced largely with scar tissue  Cardiac muscle  Nervous tissue