UNLOCKING THE SECRETS HIDDEN IN YOUR DATA Data Analysis

Why Do Data Analysis ? What did you see? Makes your data visible Helps find obvious patterns Does the data makes sense?  Are your assumptions correct?  Did you collect enough data?

Why Do Data Analysis ? What does it Mean? Is there is more information in the data  emergent behavior  unexpected patterns Was the hypothesis correct ? Why Does it Matter? Draw conclusions from data  More grass gives more rabbits To make your project stand out to the Challenge Judges  Appears to be an improvement vs  Improves the result by a specific amount

Ways to Analyze Data Plotting Data  Ways to visually understand data Statistics  Makes is easier to compare data  Mean, Median, Mode  Makes it clear if you have NOISY data  Range, Variance, Standard Deviation

Ways to Analyze Data Derivatives (Slopes)  Tell if changes in parameters affect data  Parameter 2 has a greater effect than Parameter 1  Get more information from data Slope = 0.08 Slope = 0.16 Slope = 0.39 Great Derivative

Plotting Data – Extracting from StarlogoTNG  Data can be extracted from a graph  Create a graph using the line graph piece and put reset clock on Setup block to clear graph  After program is run  Click on graph in Spaceland  Save File – Excel file This is what you get LET’S DO IT – Open Fish and Plankton !!

Plotting Data – Extracting from Netlogo Two ways  1 st Way: Write code to extract the data you want – see File Output Example in the Code Examples  Open file in setup procedure  Create a write-to-file procedure

Plotting Data – Extracting from Netlogo 2 nd way: Extract data from Netlogo graphs  Have Netlogo generate graph on Interface page (example on later slide)  Create a setup-plot procedure and a do-plot procedure  Call the setup-plot procedure in setup procedure  Call do-plot procedure in go procedure

Plotting Data – Extracting from Netlogo  Run model until sufficient data obtained  (PC) Right Click on Graph/(Mac)  Select Export  Choose location and File name - select save  Excel File is created – Next Slide Contains all the information in the plot and input parameters used. Contains excess information about the plot (color, pen down, mode, interval…) LET’S DO IT – Open Rabbits Grass Weeds

Plotting Data – Extracting from Netlogo This is what You need

Plotting Data – Different Types of Plots All plots from Pie Charts – music preference Pets purchased at pet store Bar Charts – preferred snacks

Plotting Data – Different Types of Plots All plots from Line Graphs – cell phone use Scatter Plots

Plotting Data – Activity in Excel Open File Car Data Insert Chart Select type of chart  XY Scatter Select Data Range Highlight data to be plotted LET’S DO IT

Plotting Data – Activity in Excel Label each data series Label Graph and Axis Select where you want graph to be (on that page -worksheet – or on another worksheet in same file)

Statistics Statistics help you  Summarize data  Describe data  Analyze data Hard to describe the difference Between the two data sets Now it is easy to summarize, describe and analyze the data…. The blue and the pink data have the AVERAGE value (mean) but the blue data is “NOISIER” (greater standard deviation). Therefore…

Statistics – How to Calculate in Excel +,-,*,/ used for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Each cell has a label based on the column and row. Use cells to perform calculations instead of numbers. Example : =(A4+B4)/C4 Perform calculations on an entire column - copy and paste the equation.Warning : this changes the cell number for each line. Fix a specific cell - use the $ symbol, example (A4+B4)/$C$1 Excel has many built in statistical functions Makes life easy! E1

Statistics – Measurements of Central Tendency Mean (Average), Median, and Mode Definitions  Mean (Average) – Sum divided by the number of data points  Median – Middle data point when arranged from highest to lowest  Mode – Most frequent value Use data set to calculate Mean (Average) Median, Mode, Max and Min  Select Cell where you want the value of the function to appear  Select Insert then Function  Select Statistical  Select function wanted (AVERAGE, MEDIAN, or MODE) then hit OK  Select Range of data you want to analyze by clicking on range symbol and highlighting range. Hit enter or OK LET’S DO IT : StarlogoTNG : Fish and Plankton Netlogo : Rabbits and Grass

Statistics – Measurements of Data Spread Range, Variance and Standard Deviation Definitions  Range = maximum - minimum  Variance = measures noise of the data around the mean value.  Standard Deviation (S) is the square root of the variance. Most commonly used measure of spread (same units as the data). Another reason to use S: ~68% of the data are in the interval Mean – S to Mean + S ~95% of the data are in the interval Mean – 2 S to Mean + 2 S ~99% of the data are in the interval Mean – 3 S to Mean + 3 S EXCEL does it for you!!! LET’S DO IT : StarlogoTNG : Fish and Plankton Netlogo : Rabbits and Grass

Derivatives What are Derivatives?  A simple calculation using data  Instantaneous rate of change = SLOPE Why use Derivatives?  Get more information from data  More Ways to comparison data  Car moving down a road  Data = the distance traveled  Velocity = the 1 st derivative of distance  Acceleration = 2 nd derivative of distance = the 1 st derivative of velocity Slope of distance Slope of velocity

How to Calculate a Derivative Mathematically:  x = position  t = time In Excel You Don’t Have To Use This Use this in Excel LET’S DO IT : StarlogoTNG : Fish and Plankton Netlogo : Rabbits and Grass