Chapter 13 pages Personal Wellness Sexually Transmitted Diseases

STD’s – Sexually Transmitted Diseases U.S. has highest rate in the world – nearly 300 million people are affected U.S. has highest rate in the world – nearly 300 million people are affected Greatest Risk Group??? Greatest Risk Group??? Seven major STD’s that pose threat Seven major STD’s that pose threat –HIV/AIDS –Hepatitis –Syphilis –Chlamydia –Gonorrhea –Herpes –HPV infection (genital warts)

Viral vs. Bacterial STD’s Bacterial STD’s Bacterial STD’s Viral STD’s Viral STD’s

HIV Infection and AIDS Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) – starts as a virus known as HIV- more than 60 million people have been infected Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) – starts as a virus known as HIV- more than 60 million people have been infected HIV infection? HIV infection? Transmitting the virus? Transmitting the virus? Most likely to be transmitted how? Most likely to be transmitted how? Symptoms? Symptoms? Treatment? Treatment?

Chlamydia Can be transmitted how? Can be transmitted how? Who bears the greatest burden? Who bears the greatest burden? What happens if left untreated? What happens if left untreated? Symptoms? Symptoms? Treatment? Treatment?

Gonorrhea – aka “The Clap” Affects? Affects? Symptoms? Symptoms? “Silent Symptoms” in “Silent Symptoms” in Test can be done, for example a gram stain, to detect gonorrhea Test can be done, for example a gram stain, to detect gonorrhea Antibiotics can treat Antibiotics can treat

Genital Herpes Two types of herpes simplex Two types of herpes simplex Which one is most sexually Which one is most sexually Avoid what? Avoid what? 90% of people infected show no symptoms 90% of people infected show no symptoms Can cause flu like symptoms and genital lesions Can cause flu like symptoms and genital lesions Antiviral drugs Antiviral drugs

Syphilis Can be transmitted by? Can be transmitted by? Symptoms? Symptoms? Blood test are use to diagnose and treated with antibiotics Blood test are use to diagnose and treated with antibiotics Secondary Syphilis from oral sex

Hepatitis B (HBV) Ultimately affects the liver causing death Ultimately affects the liver causing death Where is it found? Where is it found? Can be transmitted by? Can be transmitted by? Nonsexual close contact Nonsexual close contact Fatal disease with no cure, but does have a vaccine Fatal disease with no cure, but does have a vaccine

Hepatitis B continued Transmission? Transmission? Symptoms? Symptoms? Treated with a vaccine Treated with a vaccine

Human Papillomavirus Infection (HPV) – Genital Warts Major cause of cervical cancer Major cause of cervical cancer Warts are rarely seen Warts are rarely seen Cervical Dysplasia Cervical Dysplasia Genital HPV infection is very contagious Genital HPV infection is very contagious

HPV continued Symptoms? Symptoms? Can be painful, depending on location and size. Can be painful, depending on location and size. Left untreated? Left untreated? In males? In males? In women? In women? Treatment? Treatment?

Prevention of STDs Education yourself Education yourself Only way to avoid exposure is to abstain Only way to avoid exposure is to abstain If you choose not to abstain, then the key is to prevent If you choose not to abstain, then the key is to prevent –Use contraception –Do not have sex while intoxicated –Know your partners sexual history and practices –Do not have multiple partners What does not work against STD infection 1. – urinating or douching after intercourse 2. – engaging in oral sex only 3. – birth control pills and sterilization