Baltimore Polytechnic Institute December 7, 2010 U.S. History Mr. Green

1. Scientific management was an effort to improve efficiency by A. developing interchangeable parts B. making production tasks simpler and easier C. raising wages to improve workers’ attitudes D. improving the balance among business, government, and the worker 2. Robert M. La Follette gained fame for being a A. reform governor B. socialist labor leaders C. hard-hitting journalist D. supporter of wilderness preservation 3. Why were early efforts to enact federal bans on child labor unsuccessful? A. They had little public support B. Labor unions fought the legislation C. Factory owners simply ignored the laws D. The Supreme Court ruled them unconstitutional 4. Assembly lines were introduced into factories in order to A. simplify product inspections B. relieve workers from having to carry parts C. make workers perform tasks more quickly D. let individual workers work at varying speeds 5. The Seventeenth Amendment allowed for A. suffrage for women B. a federal income tax C. the prohibition of liquor D. the direct election of senators

The students will identify progressive efforts to clean up state government, protect workers, and reform elections by organizing information into a graphic organizer Hand-in: Missing work from last week Warm-up Question: Read the Historical Spotlight on page 335 and answer the following questions: 1. Why is James S. Hogg considered a reform governor? 2. What changes would you make in the state of Maryland to reform government?

Reforming Local Government Natural disasters prompted reform of city government Galveston, TX-after a hurricane/tidal wave, city council botched reconstruction, the state replaced the city council with commissions Dayton, OH-after flooding, council manager system developed Reform Mayors Hazen Piingree-Detroit mayor ( ) Tom Johnson-Cleveland mayor ( ) Rooted out corruption and reduced public transportation costs both appointed competent, honest people dismissed greedy owners of utilities and converted them to publicly owned enterprises

Reform Governors Robert M. La Follette Wisconsin governor that initiated reform at the state level-railroads Protecting Workers Workers under the age of 15 increased from 1.5 million in 1890 to 2 million in 1910 Reasons to hire children: 1. lower wages 2. adept at handling small parts/tools 3. part of family economy 4. pull family out of poverty Consequences of child labor 1. health-bronchitis, tuberculosis 2. accidents from fatigue 3. bad habits-drinking cursing, smoking 4. malnutrition Outcomes: 1. Keating-Owen Act of 1916-prohibited transportation of goods produced by children across state lines 2. Act ruled unconstitutional, but most states passed child labor laws

Efforts to Limit Working Hours Muller v. Oregon-upheld Oregon law limiting hours women could work to 10/day Maryland initiated workers compensation for death or injury on the job in 1902 Reforming Elections Initiative Referendum-a vote on the initiative Recall Secret ballot Direct primary Direct Election of Senators 17 th amendment gave the right to the people to choose a U.S. senator instead of the state legislature

Handout Graphic Organizer

 Chapter 9 Vocabulary due on Friday  Read Chapter 9 Section 2 pages  Prepare for 5 Question Quiz on Section 2