The Fluid States Bernoulli’s Principle Kristen Reiter water droplets. 28 Sept Flickr. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan

-Fluids in Motion- o Bernoulli’s Principle explains the effect motion has on a fluid’s pressure and velocity. -Forces Within Liquids- o Electromagnetic forces in liquids affect the way fluids act. Diaz, Ryan. Tubular. 2 Feb Flickr. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Jan

Fluids in Motion Seashore. 28 Oct Flickr. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Jan />.

Bernoulli’s Principle  as the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure decreases (or vice versa) higher velocity → lower pressure narrower space → higher velocity lower velocity, higher pressure higher velocity, lower pressure

Net Work  Net work is the overall work being done. (In this case, to move a fluid.) Tapp, Philip. Nets. 30 Jan Flickr. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Jan <http: // photos/philtapp/ />.

Streamlines  narrow flow → closer streamlines → greater velocity → lower pressure  Jumbled or unsmooth streamlines mean the fluid is turbulent and Bernoulli’s Principle does not apply. o Represent the flow of fluid around objects. Streamline. 3 July Flickr. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Jan

Forces Within Liquids Rav Productions. Ocean Curl. 27 Jan Flickr. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Jan

Cohesive Forces  Particles that affect the behavior of liquids  Attract each other with electromagnetic force

Surface Tension  Surface of a liquid to contracts to the smallest possible area  On the surface particles are not attracted upwards  This creates a net downwards pressure  Also causes spherical droplets

Adhesion  Attractive force between different substances  Electromagnetic force

Capillary Action  Rise of liquid in a narrow glass tube  Because adhesive forces are stronger than the cohesive forces

Evaporation  When fast moving particles break through the surface layers of a liquid  Only most energetic particles escape  Has a cooling effect

Volatile Liquids  Volatile liquids evaporate quickly  Have weak cohesive forces  More noticeable cooling effect

Condensation  Evaporated particles returning to liquid state  Cause by decrease in temperature or kinetic energy  Makes the air humid

Quick Review!  Bernoulli’s Principle means higher velocity = lower pressure  Cohesive forces are forces that attract particles in a liquid to each other, and cause surface tension  Capillary action is when a liquid “climbs” a glass tube, a result of adhesion.

Quick Review!  Evaporation is when fast moving particles escape the surface of a liquid.  Volatile liquids evaporate quickly!  Condensation is when evaporated liquids cool down or lose energy and become liquid again.

Works Cited  Zitzewitz, Paul W. Physics Principles and Problems ed. New York: Glencoe, Print.