WORLD CONSUMER RIGHTS DAY-2009 Junk Food Generation: Stop Marketing Unhealthy Foods to Children Dr. Harun K.M. Yusuf, PhD, FBAS Professor of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition University of Dhaka Currently Nutrition Advisor to FAO of the UN FAO-National Food Policy Capacity Strengthening Programme (NFPCSP) Consumers Association of Bangladesh Consumers International Dhaka 15 March 2009

WORLD CONSUMER RIGHTS DAY Consumers International First observed on 15 March 1983 Different themes in different years But…. 2009: Junk Food Generation: Stop marketing unhealthy foods to children 2008: Junk Food Generation: Keep your children off from unhealthy foods 2007: Stop immoral acts in advertisement of medicines

What are junk foods? Ready to eat, take home fast foods, high in oils and fats (a good percentage of trans-fats), salt and sugar but poor in of vitamins, minerals and dietary fibre, unhealthy when eaten regularly. – Michael Jacobson Director, Center for Science in Public Interest (1972)

Burger with chips and salad

Oven baked sandwiches

French fries

Tuscani Lasagna

Beef burger with high fat and cheese

Hot dog

trans-fatty acid cis-fatty acid Hydrogenation Vegetable oil Vegetable fat Vanaspati, butter oil (Implicated in coronary heart disease)

Cause behind obesity ENERGY BALANCE Energy intake = Energy expenditure – normal Energy intake < Energy expenditure – undernutrition Energy intake > Energy expenditure – overnutrition (overweight and obesity)

Consequences of obesity Diabetes type 2 Ischaemic heart disease Stroke Hypertensive disease Osteoarthritis Cancers (colon, kidney, endometrial, and postmenopausal breast cancer)

Normal growth

Grade 3 Grade 2 Grade 1 Normal Undernourished

Fat Cell Numbers in Teen Years Linger for a Lifetime

Definitions Overweight in adults : excess weight relative to height measured by BMI (wt in kg/height in meter squared) –BMI is overweight –BMI is grade I obesity –BMI >40 grade II obesity overweight in children : measured as weight-for-height >20 percent above the international reference Obesity in children, when >40% standard

There are approximately 350 million obese people (BMI ≥30.0) and over 1 billion overweight people (BMI ≥25) in the world. Overall about 2.5 million deaths are attributed to overweight/obesity worldwide (the so-called globesity). Globesity

Bangladesh In Bangladesh, obesity is on the increase, particularly in women. Rapidly transmitting into young children Increasing trend of obesity in both rural and urban population Every second household in the Dhaka city now has one or more diabetes patient.

Bangladesh 40% of total deaths were due to NCDs in % total deaths will be due to NCDs by % urban poor and 4.1% rural women were overweight (HKI surveillance 2007)

WHO/FAO recommendation for prevention Fresh fruit intake 200 gm/day Vegetable intake 200 g/day Limit salt intake to <6 g/day Increase fish consumption, preferably sea fish BUT free from formalin Keep BMI

National Food Policy 2006 Overall goal Achieving food security for all at all times 3 Objectives Objective 1 : Adequate and stable supply of safe and nutritious food Objective 2 : Increased purchasing power and access to food of the people Objective 3 : Adequate nutrition for all individuals, especially women and children

Objective -3: Adequate nutrition for all individuals, especially for women and children Strategy - 3.1: Long-term national plan for ensuring balanced food in building a healthy nation Strategy - 3.2: Supply of sufficient nutritious food for vulnerable groups Strategy Balanced diet containing adequate micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) Strategy - 3.4: Safe drinking water and improved sanitation Strategy - 3.5: Safe, quality food supply Strategy - 3.6: Adequate health status

Our commitment Before we close today, let’s all commit ourselves to save our children and also ourselves from the curse of the junk foods. Let’s each of us take at least one step to convince the business enterprises not to sell junk foods to our children. Let’s each of us take at least one step to keep our children away from junk foods.

A ban on advertising of junk foods during children's television programmes and programmes aimed at young people was announced by Britain in The ban also included marketing using celebrities, cartoon characters and health or nutrition claims. "Junk food ad crackdown announced""Junk food ad crackdown announced". BBC News BBC News

How wonderful! Let’s not distort the equilibrium Lifetime of consumption -Carbohydrate, 7015 kg -Protein, 2400 kg -Fat, 2600 kg -Minerals, 400 kg -Water, 42,000 kg -Oxygen, 10 million liters Human body Composition - Carbohydrate, 1 kg - -Protein, 10.5 kg - -Fat, 9 kg - -Minerals, 3.5 kg - -Water, 48 kg

Thank you for your kind attention