The American Civil War SS8H6: The student will analyze the impact of the Civil War and Reconstruction on Georgia. b. State the importance of key events of the Civil War; include Antietam, Emancipation Proclamation, Gettysburg, Chickamauga, the Union blockade of Georgia’s coast, Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign and March to the Sea, and Andersonville.

The First Five February 9, 2015 Agenda Message: Study for tomorrow’s Unit 7 Quiz #2 on Antebellum Society! Today’s Warm-up: 1.What were five rules that 21 trustees wanted the colonists of Georgia to obey in 1732? 2.James Oglethorpe and the colonists of Georgia landed at ______________ on February 12, They traveled to Georgia on the ship called the __________. 4.James Oglethorpe received permission from ________________ for the colonists to settle at Yamacraw Bluff. 5.Who was Mary Musgrove?

Civil War Map

Civil War Map

The First Five February 10, 2015 Agenda Message: Early release tomorrow at noon. Today’s Warm-up: 1.Who were the Scottish Highlanders and how did they change the colony of Georgia? 2.Who were the three Royal Governors of Georgia, after Oglethorpe and the trustees left the colony in 1752?

Resources of the North and South North (Union)South (Confederate States of America) Had an advantage in the areas of economics and human resources: A.85% of the nation’s factories and railroad lines B.Produced almost all of the firearms, cloth, iron, ships & boats, and shoes in the USA C.Banks D.22+ million people E.Union army had 16,000+ trained soldiers Were at a disadvantage because: A.15% of factories and railroads were in the South B.9 million people million slaves C.The southern states did not have an army D.Relied on Northern banks for money and invested most their money in slavery Had an advantage in: A.Production of food (corn, rice, wheat, & livestock) and cotton B.Strong/smart military leaders, who resigned from the U.S. Army to lead the south.

3-2-1 Review What were 3 advantages that the Union had in economics and human resources entering into the Civil War? Which 2 disadvantages for the South (CSA) do you think were the most serious issues? Explain. Which 1 advantage for the South (CSA) made the greatest difference for fighting a war? Explain.

The First Five February 11, 2015 Agenda Message: No homework tonight Today’s Warm-up: In the early years of the colony, what was one reason the colonists were dissatisfied with the policies of the trustees who governed colonial Georgia? A. The colonists could not own slaves. B. The colonists were not allowed to practice their religion. C. The colonists were not allowed to read books. D. The colonists could not pay the high taxes required of them.

Military Strategies North (Union)South (Confederate States of America) Anaconda Plan: Anaconda Plan: Created a blockade of U.S. ships and ironclads around the southern coastline and major rivers to prevent the southern states from exporting cotton and receiving supplies Sent troops to the south to fight King Cotton Diplomacy: King Cotton Diplomacy: Ask Great Britain & France to break the Union’s blockade. The south thought Great Britain & France would do it, so they would continue buying cotton and bring them supplies (Weapons, etc.). France and Great Britain decided not to help the Confederate States of America.

Anaconda Plan Map

Ironclads Ironclads patrolled rivers in the South.

Political Cartoon

The First Five February 17, 2015 Agenda Message: Answer the following homework questions… 1.Explain why the “Anaconda Plan” was a good name for this Union strategy. 2.Where did the first battle of the Civil War occur? Which side won? 3.How was the “King Cotton Diplomacy” strategy both weak and strong? Today’s Warm-up Question: Think-Pair-Share How might a civil war be worse than other wars?

Significant Battles of the Civil War Graphic Organizer BattleGeneralsWhat Happened?Which Side Won Battle? Fort Sumter p. 255 UnionCSA Bull Run p. 255 UnionCSA Antietam p. 266 UnionCSA Gettysburg pp UnionCSA Chickamauga p. 268 UnionCSA Chattanooga pp UnionCSA Atlanta Campaign pp UnionCSA Sherman’s March to Sea pp UnionCSA Name__________________ Date___________________

Fort Sumter, South Carolina Fort Sumter The Confederate soldiers fired the 1 st shots of the Civil War at Fort Sumter on April 12, North (Union)South (Confederate States of America) Major Robert Anderson lead the Union soldiers President Lincoln sent these troops to South Carolina to secure Fort Sumter from the CSA and to deliver supplies. 33 hours later the Union troops surrendered…UNION defeated! General P.G.T. Beauregard led the Confederate soldiers The CSA troops were able to stop the supplies from reaching Fort Sumter, by firing on the Union troops. CONFEDERATE victory!

Leaders at the Battle of Fort Sumter Major Robert Anderson (Union) General Pierre Gustave Toutant de Beauregard (CSA)

Battle of Bull Run: Manassas, Virginia 1 st major battle between the Union vs. Confederates North (Union)South (Confederates States of America) Union troops entered the Confederate state of Virginia to attack. Confederate Army launched a counterattack and defeated the Union troops.

Leaders at the Battle of Bull Run General Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson (Confederate) General Irvin McDowell (Union)

Battle of Antietam: Sharpsburg, Maryland September 17, 1862-This was the bloodiest 1-day battle of the Civil War. This battle lasted 12 hours with 23,000 soldiers either killed, wounded, & missing. UnionConfederate States of America (CSA) Major George McClellan Union victory Robert E. Lee Leaders

Leaders at the Battle of Antietam General George McClellan (Union) General Robert E. Lee (CSA)

The First Five February 18, 2015 Agenda Message: Weapons of the Civil War worksheet Today’s Warm-up: Georgia Milestone Review Questions 1.How did the French and Indian War lead to the American Revolutionary War? 2.Which treaty ended the French and Indian War in 1763? 3.Who were the Sons and Daughters of Liberty?

Emancipation Proclamation Emancipation Proclamation On September 22, 1862, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. Confederate States of America (CSA) It stated that unless the Confederate States of America (CSA) surrendered by January 1, 1863, “all slaves in states or districts in rebellion against the USA will be thenceforth and forever free.”

Battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania Huge turning point of the war, because Robert E. Lee and his troop’s attempt to invade the north (Union) was destroyed. The Confederates retreated back to Virginia. From July 1-3, 1863, 51,000 soldiers were either killed or injured. UnionConfederate States of America (CSA) Major George Meade Union victory Robert E. Lee Leaders

Leaders of the Battle of Gettysburg General George Meade (Union) General Robert E. Lee (CSA)

Battle of Chickamauga, Georgia On September 19-20, 1863, the Confederates were able to defeat the Union and pushed them back into Tennessee. UnionConfederate States of America (CSA) General William Rosecrans General Braxton Bragg Confederate victory Leaders

Leaders of the Battle of Chickamauga, Georgia General William Rosecrans (Union) General Braxton Bragg (CSA)

Battle of Chattanooga: Chattanooga, Tennessee Continuation of the Battle of Chickamauga (GA) Union (North)Confederates (South) Union troops led by Generals Grant and Sherman counterattacked the Confederates at Lookout Mountain in Tennessee Union victory General Braxton Bragg chased the Union troops from Chickamauga and trapped them in Chattanooga, TN.

Leaders of the Battle of Chattooga General Ulysses S. Grant (Union) General William T. Sherman (Union) General Braxton Bragg (CSA)

The First Five February 19, 2015 Agenda Message: Answer the following homework questions tonight… 1.How did William T. Sherman’s march practice total war? 2. Explain what happened at Andersonville. 3. Why did Sherman burn Atlanta? 4. How did Sherman’s march help to secure a Union victory? 5. Why did Sherman march his army through Georgia? Today’s Warm-up Question: Think-Pair-Share What happened during the Boston Tea Party? How were the colonists of Boston punished as a result of the Boston Tea Party?

Atlanta Campaign General William T. Sherman’s plan was to march through Georgia, take Atlanta, and leave a path of destruction to Savannah. Beginning on July 20, 1864, General Sherman burned and tore up the city of Atlanta for almost 40 days. By September 2, 1864 the Union troops had captured and destroyed Atlanta.

Atlanta Campaign

Sherman’s March to Sea Field Order No. 120 was issued by Sherman ordering Union troops to “live off the land”. They would gather food from fields and take livestock for food. Also, troops were supposed to collect food, horses, & mules. They were not allowed to enter homes of civilians to steal…Of course, the troops did not follow that rule.

Sherman’s March to Sea Total War Sherman waged Total War on the South (destroy anything useful to the enemy). His troops destroyed railroad tracks, crops, burned homes and businesses. Sherman divided his troops into 2 groups and they advanced towards Savannah going different directions. After fighting many battles along the way, Sherman’s troops captured Savannah on December 21, 1864.

March to Sea Map

The First Five February 20, 2015 Agenda Message: No homework tonight Today’s Warm-up Questions: Georgia Milestone Review 1.Compare & contrast loyalists and patriots. 2.Which three men from Georgia signed the Declaration of Independence in 1776? 3.The author of the Declaration of Independence was ___________________.

Andersonville The largest military prison of the Confederate army during the Civil War Located near Andersonville, Georgia 52,300 Union soldiers were detained there between February 1864 and April 1865 More than 13,200 died from disease, exposure, and lack of medicines. After the war, the commander of the camp, Captain Henry Wirz, was convicted and hanged for the maltreatment and death of Union POWs. He was the only Confederate official to be executed.

Andersonville