Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids Pie charts Line graphs Flow charts Bar graphs

Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids Definition Graphic aids present information in pictorial form or in other specific formats in order to consolidate, clarify, or prove the written material they go with. Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids © 2008 McGraw-Hill Higher Education

Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids Five Types of Graphs Five common types of graphic aids are: • Bar graphs • Line graphs • Pie charts • Flowcharts • Tables Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids © 2008 McGraw-Hill Higher Education

The General Strategy for Interpreting Graphs 1. Read the title. It usually tells the topic. 2. Look at the source of the information. 3. Read any accompanying explanation. 4. Read the legend (small explanatory table or list of symbols) if there is one. 5. Read the labels on the parts of the graph. 6. Determine what is being measured or compared and the units of measurement. 7. Look for trends or patterns. 8. Think about how the graph illustrates, clarifies, or proves the material it accompanies. 9. Draw the important conclusions. Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids © 2008 McGraw-Hill Higher Education

Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids Bar Graphs A bar graph is a chart that compares the relative amount of items by using parallel rectangular bars of varying lengths. Bar graphs can be vertical or horizontal. Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids © 2008 McGraw-Hill Higher Education

Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids Line Graphs A line graph is a diagram whose points are connected to show the relationship between two or more variables (that is, it shows how one thing changes in relation to a change in something else). Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids © 2008 McGraw-Hill Higher Education

Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids Pie Charts A pie chart is a circle graph that uses various sized “slices” to represent relative parts of the whole. Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids © 2008 McGraw-Hill Higher Education

Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids Flowcharts A flowchart is a diagram that uses connected boxes, circles, and other shapes to show the steps in a process or procedure. Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids © 2008 McGraw-Hill Higher Education

Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids Tables A table shows relationships between facts and figures by arranging information in rows and columns. Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids © 2008 McGraw-Hill Higher Education

The Edge: Pointers from the Coach • Stop and look at a graphic aid when the author first refers to it. • Watch for trends and patterns (a correlation or a consistent increase or decrease). • To help you organize and learn information, create graphics of your own. Chapter 13: Interpreting Graphic Aids © 2008 McGraw-Hill Higher Education