Direct Ophthalmoscope

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Presentation transcript:

Direct Ophthalmoscope

Schematic of the Eye

Posterior Pole of fundus

Diagram of Fundus Layers

Fundus and Disc

Optic Disc Edema

Optic Nerve Drusen

Optic Nerve Drusen

Pigment Crescent around Disc Margin

Myelinated nerve fibers

Optic Nerve Coloboma

Optic Nerve Hypoplasia

Normal Variations of Disc

Large Cup –C/D ratio PEX, GLC

Glaucoma-nerve appearance GLC

Glaucoma Advanced Glaucoma Glaucoma

Optic nerve pallor, papillitis ON pallor, pituitary adenoma Papillitis vs. Foster Kennedy

Artery/Vein ratio (2/3 is normal) normal AV

Arteriosclerotic vessel changes Chol. Plaque, Hollenhorst light reflex

Light reflex, A/V crossing Increased light reflex 1/11/02 HTN, gLC suspect 1/11/02

Hypertension Hypertension

CRAO and BRAO CRAO with cherry red spot BRAO

Hollenhorst Plaque and Late CRAO with optic atrophy Hollenhorst with ischemia Late CRAO with optic atrophy

Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion

BRVO before and s/p laser

Central Retinal Vein Occlusion-CRVO

Hollenhorst plaque, Central Retinal Artery occlusion

Macular Drusen

Drusen-macula

Atrophic macular degeneration

Exudative macular changes

Subretinal macular heme

ARMD with Macular Scar Disciform scar, scleral crescent ARMD, Scleral crescent

Diabetic retinopathy

Background Diabetic Retinopathy BDR Cotton Wool spot

PDR before and after PRP PDR prior to PRP after PRP

Pre-retinal hemes Preretinal heme in BDR

Choroidal nevus

Choroidal Nevus Red free, and no filter

Direct Ophthalmoscope-Patient side and observer side

Adjust light (left) and power (right)

Position for starting procedure

Examiner right eye, hand, right patient eye