Components of the System Unit Chapter 4 Introduction to IT Darlene Ringhand

The System Unit  The working unit/processor  Desktop  Notebook  Palm  Mobile computer  Cell Phone

Motherboard  Pulls all the working parts together  Adapter Cards  Processor Chips  Memory Module  Expansion slots  Electric/battery systems

Processor  Central Processing Unit (CPU)  Control Unit – Directs and coordinates most of the operations  Arithmetic Logic Unit – Arithmetic operations and calculations  Machine Cycle  Fetching  Decoding  Executing  Storing

Processor  Registers – Part of the processor that hold data temporarily  System Clock  Quartz Crystal  Controls the timing of operations

Some Processors  Page 191  Pentium  Athlon  Celeron  Xeon  Itanium

Buying a Personal Computer  What are you going to use it for?  What would you like it to do for you?  What is your budget?  Will you need lots of memory?  What about a video card?

How Do You Dispose of an Old Computer?  Bad for environment  Can be recycled  Should not go into landfills  Do not degrade  Hazardous materials  Who should be responsible?  Government?  Manufacturers?

Artificial Intelligence?  20 Questions 20 Questions 20 Questions

Heating and Cooling  Heat Sinks  Absorb or defuse heat  How Many fans in your computer?

What is ASCII  8-bit byte  = 4  = 6  = E  Page 195 and Appendix

Memory  How much memory does the new Dell computer have?  KB = 1,024 bytes  MB = 1,048,576  GB = 2,073,741,824  TB = 1,099,511,627,776

Memory Types  RAM  Random Access Memory  Can be changed  Cache – remembers “stuff” & speeds up computer  ROM  Read Only Memory  Does not change once it is loaded

Speed  It takes about one-tenth of a second to blink your eye, which is the equivalent of 100 million nanoseconds. In the time it takes to blink your eye, a computer can perform some operations 10 million times!

Other Memory  Flash Memory  Adapter cards/slots  PC Cards  Flash Memory Cards  USB Drives  Great place to buy them Great place to buy them Great place to buy them

Connector Types  Serial Port  Parallel Ports  USB Ports  FireWire Ports  MIDI Ports  SCSI Ports  IRDA Port  Bluetooth Port

Busses  PCI Bus  USB Bus

Expansion Slots  Slots  Adapter Cards

Many Uses  Home/Personal  Office/Home Office  Mobile  Power  Large Business

Good Mousekeeping  Keeping your computer clean  Keyboard  Mouse  Monitor

Career Corner  A computer engineer designs and develops the electronic components found in computers and peripheral devices.  Need MS, MS and/or Ph.D.  Salary Range  $56,000 to $92,000 annually  Experienced $115,000 and up