Circuits

Warm-up What type of energy is the energy stored in batteries? A.Kinetic B.Elastic C.Chemical D.Thermal What type of energy did we show with your spinning windmills Kinetic / potential ? Renewable / Non- renewable Resource?

KEY “UPCOMING” Terms Static electricity Law of conservation of charge Electric field Conductor Insulator Charging by contact Charging by induction Grounding Electroscopes Electric current Electric circuits Dry cell batteries Wet cell batteries Lead cell batteries

Static electricity The accumulation of excess electric charge on an object

Law of Conservation of Charge States that charge can be transferred from object to object BUT It cannot be created NOR destroyed

Electric field An electric field surrounds every electric charge and exerts the force that causes other electric charges to be attracted or repelled.

Conductor Is a material through which electrons move easily.

Insulator An insulator is a material in which electrons are not able to move easily. WHY? Electrons are held more tightly to the atoms that make up insulators.

WHOLE BRAIN In a minute..you will turn to your partner and discuss -Static electricity -Law of conservation of Charge - Electric field -conductors (name 1) - Insulators (name 2)

Charging by Contact The process of transferring charge by touching or rubbing.

Charging by Induction The rearrangement of electrons on a neutral object caused by a nearby charged object.

Lightning Thundercloud = “mighty” static electricity generator

Lightning Thundercloud = “mighty” static electricity generator Areas of positive / negative charge build up

Lightning Thundercloud = “mighty” static electricity generator Areas of positive / negative charge build up Static discharge between the clouds and the ground happens.

Grounding Before you mess with wires (electricians)….you must ground yourself …by touching a piece of metal

Grounding Before you mess with wires (electricians)….you must ground yourself …by touching a piece of metal Your house can be grounded to…….metal lightening rod that provides a conducting path from the highest point…..to the ground

WHOLE BRAIN In a minute, you will turn to your partner and discuss -Charging by contact - Charging by induction - Lightening - Grounding (electricians) - grounding (for houses)

Electroscope A device that can detect electric charge

Electric Circuit Is a closed path that electric current flows. Current = electrons

Voltage Difference Is related to the force that causes electric charges to flow.

Voltage Difference Is related to the force that causes electric charges to flow. Voltage difference is measured in volts (V).

QUESTION What does closed mean? Hold up your hands and show a closed circle……..

Closed circuits Closed circuits is circuits where the electricity is flowing……..no gap……electricity can go all the way around in a circle. Closed circuits = Everything works (light bulb is on)

Question What does open mean? Hold up your hands and show an open circle….

Open circuit An open circuits is when the electricity can not flow (since it needs to go all the way around in a circle to flow) Open circuits = nothing works (light bulb is off)

QUESTION So TO RECAP…….which circuit the the lightbulb not light? And WHY?

WHOLE BRAIN In a minute, you will turn to your partner and discuss -electroscope - electric Circuit - Voltage difference - Closed circuit - Open circuit

Dry cell battery Example: batteries The cell has 2 electrodes surrounded by a material called an electrolyte. Electrolyte = moist paste

Wet cell battery Example: Car battery Contains 2 connected plates made up of different metals or metallic compounds in an electrolyte. ELECTROLYTE = conducting liquid solution

Lead Acid batteries Contains a series of six wet cells composed of lead and lead dioxide plates in a sulfuric acid solution. Example: car batteries/others

WHOLE BRAIN In a minute, you will turn to your partner and discuss -electroscope - electric Circuit - Voltage difference - Closed circuit - Open circuit

STOP COLLABORATIVE ACTIVITY TIME