Puritan Ethic (work ethic) Moral and ethical code –Those beforehand by God would achieve eternal salvation - –Those so elected could be recognized by how they lived on earth: Shunned idleness, extravagance, and vanity Avoided dancing, card playing, theater Read Bible regularly for guidance Devoted their lives to working hard, being thrifty, achieving business success, and accumulating wealth

Dissent in the Puritan Community –Extreme separatist –Two Key Views –Banished in 1635 –Fled MBC in 1636 Established “Forced religion stinks in the nostrils of God”

– Banished in 1638 –Went to RI –Moved in NY 1642 and died in Indian war in 1643 Dissent in the Puritan Community “The Holy Spirit illumines [enlightens] the heart of every true believer.”

Native American Resistance to Colonial Expansion Land Disputes –Ex. of cultural differences  land treaties –1637 in CT –Pequots wiped out –1675 –English win after about a year of brutal fighting and high casualties –End of Indian resistance in New England What does this image of Metacom teach us?

Massachusetts and its Offspring Rhode Island –Roger Williams was a Puritan minister (1631 Boston) Believed the individual’s conscience was beyond the control of any civil or church authority vs. Puritan leaders Denied right of Massachusetts gov’t to interfere in religious matters –Banished (way to eliminate dissenters) 1635 Settlement of Providence, 1636 –Recognized the rights of Native Americans, paid for use of land –Provided complete religious toleration (Catholics, Quakers, Jews) –Anne Hutchinson Believed in antinomianism: idea of faith alone needed for salvation, not + deeds 1638 banished, group of followers established Portsmouth –1644 Williams granted royal charter to join Providence and Portsmouth into single colony, RI Religious freedom for all people, separation of church and state, attracted settlers

Massachusetts and its Offspring Connecticut –1636 Rev. Thomas Hooker founded Hartford with unhappy Boston Puritans –Not religious reasons, wanted less restrictive government and better farmland Wrote first written constitution in American history –Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, 1639 »Representative government: legislature elected by popular vote + governor chosen by the legislature –1637 John Davenport settled New Haven –1662 Royal charter granted limited self- government –Including election of the governor –1665 joined together to form CT

Massachusetts and its Offspring New Hampshire, 1638 –Originally part of Massachusetts Bay –Settled by colonists who left Massachusetts for political, religious, and economic reasons Separated by King Charles II to increase royal control over the colonies, 1679 Royal charter, subject to authority of an appointed governor