Helmut Schink, Vice Chair of SG 15 Helmut.schink@nsn.com ITU-T Kaleidoscope 2010 Beyond the Internet? - Innovations for future networks and services Trends in Transport Standards Helmut Schink, Vice Chair of SG 15 Helmut.schink@nsn.com Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

ITU-T Structure WTSA SG SG Working Party WP WP WP Focus Group Q Q Q Q Workshops, Seminars, Symposia… WTSA World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group IPR Ad hoc SG Study Group SG Working Party WP WP WP Focus Group Q Q Questions: Develop Recommendations Q Q Q Q Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010 2

Study Group 15: Overview General area of study is on “Optical transport networks and access network infrastructures” SG 15 is the focal point in ITU T for the development of standards on optical and other transport network infrastructures, systems, equipment, optical fibres, and the corresponding control plane technologies to enable the evolution toward intelligent transport networks. This encompasses the development of related standards for the customer premises, access, metropolitan and long haul sections of communication networks. Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010 3

Study Group 15: Overview Home / Access / Regional Long Haul Optical Metallic Access Terrestrial & Submarine Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

Projects and Opportunities SG 15 Major projects Lead SG on access network transport Lead SG on optical technology Lead SG on optical transport networks New opportunities Home networking Energy management Power saving Home and commercial building automation transceivers New customer premises cabling Interoperability testing (e.g. with FTTH Council Europe) Packet Transport Device Management Lisbon, Portugal, 24-25 February 2010 Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010 5

SG 15 Management Chair: Yoichi Maeda, TTC Vice-Chairs, WP Chairs: Sadegh Abbasi Shahkooh, Iran Baker Baker, Syria Júlio Cesar Fonseca, Brasil Viktor Katok, Ukraine Francesco Montalti, WP 2, Telecom Italia Helmut Schink, Nokia Siemens Networks Tom Starr, WP 1, AT&T Steve Trowbridge, WP 3, Alcatel Lucent Shaohua Yu, China Counsellor: Greg Jones Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

Major front lines Outside plant techniques for easy, environmentally friendly installation Fibres: rubustness and low water peak Higher speed and lower power consumption in home network DSL copper access Fiber access Common OAM mechanisms for MPLS Beyond 100G long haul optics Syncronisation e.g. for backhaul Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

L. 83 “Low impact minitrench installation techniques” Installation of mini ducts structures inside a small dimension trench: width less than 5 cm and depth in the range 20-30 cm (compared with 10x30 cm of the conventional one) Possibility of installing up to 3 linear arrays of 5 mini ducts  10/14 mm directly buried Use of low environmental impact trenching machines Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

Solutions for installation of ducts and cables in an occupied infrastructures Outfitting of existing ducts (telcos, street lighting, power..) with10/12 mm mini ducts and use of completely dielectric minicables Separation of the telecommunication access points with the use of reduced dimensions manholes 9 Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010 9

Q7/15 Work in Progress L.distr “Customer and distribution boxes and terminals” L.drop “Pre-terminated fibre drop cables & hardened connectors” L.modc “Environmental protection of optical devices and optical connectivity in outside plant conditions” L.oxcon “Outdoor optical cross connect cabinets ? Optimization of space Unbundling? Need of new Recommendation on field mountable connector technologies Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

ITU-T documents give guidance on how to use the available spectrum Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010 11

Fiber Spectrum 10G-PON GPON (D)WDM PON Attenuation (dB/km) US US DS V Third window “1500-nm” 600 0.1 l (nm) 0.2 0.5 1.0 2.0 5.0 10 Attenuation (dB/km) 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 First window “850-nm” Second window “1300-nm” Water peak Absorption Rayleigh Scattering 1270nm 1310nm 1490nm 1580nm 1550nm US US DS V DS Standard fiber AllWave® Fiber 10G-PON GPON (D)WDM PON Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

Specified loss in dB for 1 turn at 1550 nm for radius: G. 657 “Bending loss insensitive single-mode fibres” G.657 A (G.652 compliant) A1 fibre 10 mm bending radius A2 fibre 7.5 mm bending radius G.657 B (not G.652 compliant) B2 fibre 7.5 mm bending radius B3 fibre 5 mm bending radius Following issues are being addressed as the future study points: - possibility of A3 fibre - splicing to G.652 fibre (level of compliance) - wavelength dependence of the transmission characteristics Specified loss in dB for 1 turn at 1550 nm for radius: Bending Radius 10 mm 7.5 mm 5 mm G. 657A1 <0.75 - G. 657A2 / B2 <0.1 <0.5 G. 657B3 <0.03 <0.08 <0.15 G.652 G.657 A1 G.657 A2 / B2 G.657 B3 Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

Available Fiber Access Technologies Cabinet / Basement 10/100/1000bT 1 – 10G Ethernet Switch A) Direct Fiber (Point to Point) Reach: ~20Km Future proof architecture Protocol independent Completely passive ODN Follows established telco wiring practice High CO/LO Fiber Management cost Un-economical for countrywide FTTH B) AON (Active Optical Network) Reach: up to 40Km, (typ. ~7-15Km) Easy BW upgrades Flexible user & line rate deployment Simple deployment Shared Bandwidth Requires active equipment Increases OSP costs Increased OpEx 2.5G DS / 1.25G US Passive Splitter Athermal DWDM Filter C) G-PON G.984 Reach: ~20Km Simplified Fiber management Low cost passive OSP (no PSU, MNS) Low power consumption Low OpEx Video Broadcast (DS) Bandwidth sharing in US and DS ONT must filter rogue channels Security (MBH port shared with FTTH subscriber?) Splitter attenuation limits tree size D) WDM-PON Reach: ~20Km Passive ODN, symmetric BW Independent Lambda per subscriber Protocol Independent Reach amplification possible Reduced OSP costs, single fiber Security per line Easy BW upgrades Filters complicate OSP design Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

Other/future Fiber Access Technologies E) UD-WDM Reach: up to 100Km Passive OSP Virtual Point to Point architecture Lambda per subscriber / service Colourless design, tunable ONT High split (up to 1:1000) Any packet transport format Low latency and delay Redundancy options Lambda per subscriber Passive Splitter Filter (Optional) 10G DS / 2.5G US Passive Splitter F) 10G-PON G.987 Reach: ~60Km Passive OSP Migration from G-PON Split 1:64 / 1:128 Low power Redundancy options G) CWDM+TDM-PON Reach: up to 60Km Strong service separation Reduced fiber count, CO consolidation possible CWDM filter in ODN Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

Vectored VDSL2 enables up to 100 Mb/s Far-end crosstalk (FEXT) greatly reduces VDSL2 performance. Near-end crosstalk is not problem since VDSL2 uses different frequency band for upstream and downstream. DSLAM FEXT A vectored system sends “pilot” signals to learn the crosstalk coupling between all the lines in the cable Each transmitter “precodes” its signal to compensate for the FEXT from the other primary disturbing lines, thereby offsetting the effects of the crosstalk In April 2010 the ITU-T approved the G.993.5 standard for VDSL2 vectoring VDSL2 bit-rate performance is nearly doubled by cancelling the FEXT Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010 16

Unified Home Networking Standards -G.hn supports home networking rates up to 1 Gb/s -One standard for in-home coax, twisted pair, and power wires -Support of IPTV with Multicast and full QoS (quality of service) -Relay-node operating enable excellent coverage throughout the premises -Very low complexity home networking (G.9955) being developed to support Smart Grid energy management Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

ITU-T WP 1/15 Passive Optical Network access Recommendations in Force G.983 BPON (622 / 155 Mbps) G.984 GPON (2.4 / 1.2 Gbps) G.985 point-to-point EPON (100 Mbps) G.986 point-to-point EPON (1 Gbps) G.987 XGPON (10 / 2.5 Gbps) – SR and PMD layers Work in progress for June 2010 G.987 XGPON (10 / 2.5 Gbps) – TC layer G.988 Generic OMCI (PON management) Further work G.987 XGPON2 (10 / 10 Gbps) ? Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010

Ethernet over Transport (EOT) WP3/15 - Transport Network Structure Matrix Organization and key relationships Circuit Transport Packet Transport Q3/15 Coordination, Terminology Lead SG activities (OTNT SWP) IEEE 802 Q9/15 Equipment, Performance Network Protection/Restoration OTN Ethernet over Transport (EOT) MEF Q10/15 OAM, Services Q11/15 Interfaces Structures & Mapping IETF Q12/15 Architecture MPLS-TP SDH OIF Q13/15 Timing & Synchronization PDH Q14/15 Management & Control TMF Q15/15 Test Equipment 19 Pune, 15 December 2010

Optical Transport Network (OTN) Evolution OTN Heirarchy recently extended “at both ends” to support 40/100G services per wavelength and groom at GbE (1000BASE-X) granularity New Flexible ODU (ODUflex) supports future Constant bit-rate (CBR) clients and arbitrarily sized packet flows

ODUflex Two flavors of ODUflex standardized Circuit ODUflex Supports any possible client bit rate as a service in circuit transport networks CBR clients use a bit-sync mapping into ODUflex (239/238xthe client rate) Packet ODUflex Creates variable size packet trunks (containing GFP-F mapped packet data) for transporting packet flows using L1 switching of a LO ODU In principle, can be of any size, but in a practical implementation it will be chosen to be multiples of the lowest tributary slot size in the network Similar to VCAT (virtual concatenation), but avoids differential delay problem by constraining the entire ODUflex to be carried over the same higher order ODUk, and provides one manageable transport entity per service (while also limiting the application to ODUflex that fits within one higher order ODUk) ODU k ODUflex ODUk Circuit ODUflex Packet ODUflex

Transport Technology to suit any required granularity BROADBAND NETWORKS MPLS(-TP) LSP used as transport technology GMPLS used as LSP-TP control plane LSP bandwidths will exceed 0.5 Gb/s ULTRA-BROADBAND NETWORKS OTN ODU(flex) provides a greener UB LSP alternative GMPLS used as ODU control plane Operators can route packet flows in future through sub-Lambda-LSPs and Lambda-LSPs OTUk HO ODUk ODUflex ODU EC/PW/IP EVC/PW/IP ODUk 10/40/100 Gb/s traffic traffic traffic EVC/PW/IP EVC/PW/IP EVC/PW/IP EVC/PW/IP EVC/PW/IP EVC/PW/IP EVC/PW/IP EVC/PW/IP EVC/PW/IP EVC/PW/IP Transport Technology Evolution LSP LSP LSP BW growth fewer LSPs LSP LSP >0.5 Gb/s LSP LSP LSP Ethernet 802.3 Ethernet 802.3

Conclusions Standardisation happens at the forefront of technology: just before market introduction ITU can help leverage the knowledge of academic environment Good reserach alone is insufficient: dissemination of results via standards increases payback ITU-T SG 15 welcomes new ideas and new people and organisations to remain in leading position SG 15 is happy to organize brainstorming sessions to make experts familiar with new trends: proposals are welcome Formalities exist, but are limited. Secreteriat is there to help Next plenary meeting: Febr. 2011 in Geneva Pune, India, 13 – 15 December 2010