GSI Future Facility Walter F. Henning March 2003, LEAP03 Introduction Facility Layout and Characteristics Scientific Areas and Goals Research with Antiprotons Summary

GSI Future Facility UNILAC SIS FRS ESR 100 m SIS 100/200 HESR Super FRS NESR CR

Present GSI Facility UNILAC SIS FRS ESR Energies: Unilac < 20 MeV/u SIS 1-2 GeV/u ESR < 0.8 GeV/u Parameters Accelerator Parameters 3 Injectors HSI: 8 mA Ar mA Ar mA U 4+ 2,5 mA U 28+ 0,5 mA U 73+ Upgrade towards the Future Facility Freqency (power):0.3 Hz 3 Hz Space charge reduction (vacuum): U 73+ U 28+

GSI Facility Characteristics

Primary Beams /s; 1.5 GeV/u; 238 U 28+ Factor over present in intensity 2(4)x10 13 /s 30 GeV protons /s 238 U 73+ up to 25 (- 35) GeV/u GSI Facility Characteristics

Primary Beams /s; 1.5 GeV/u; 238 U 28+ Factor over present in intensity 2(4)x10 13 /s 30 GeV protons /s 238 U 73+ up to 25 (- 35) GeV/u Secondary Beams Broad range of radioactive beams up to GeV/u; up to factor in intensity over present Antiprotons 3 (0) - 30 GeV Cooled beams Rapidly cycling superconducting magnets Key Technical Features Storage and Cooler Rings Radioactive beams e – A collider stored and cooled GeV antiprotons GSI Facility Characteristics

SIS 100/200 2T, 4T/s4 (6)T, 1 (2)T/s FuE: Pulsed superconducting magnets

Collector (CR) and Storage Rings (NESR) for Ions and Antiprotons Storage Rings

HESR - High Energy Storage Ring stored antiprotons GeV L = 2 x  p/p ≥  x/x ≥ 100  m Characteristics

electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams

electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams

electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams

electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams

electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling

electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling

electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling

electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling

electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling frequency [Hz] noise power density a.u.

electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling

electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling

electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling

electron collector electron gun high voltage platform magnetic field electron beam ion beam Storage Rings: Cooled Ion Beams rel. ion velocity v/v 0 ion intensity before cooling after cooling

0% 50% 100% Radioactive Beams Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions Antiprotons Plasma-Physics 100 Tm Ring 200 Tm Ring Collector & Storage Ring High-Energy Storage Ring Nucleus-Nucleus 100 sec Radioactive Beams Plasma Physics Antiprotons Duty-Cycles of the Accelerator Rings Duty-Cycles of the Physics Programs Parallel Operation

Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Proton-rich nuclei Proton radioactivity Proton - neutron pairing Isospin symmetry Tests of standard model and symmetries Nucleosynthesis Neutron-rich nuclei Neutron drip line Shell quenching Skins and halos Loosley bound systems Soft collective modes Nucleosynthesis Superheavy elements Shell stabilization Long-lived nuclei

Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Proton number Z Accreting white dwarf Nova Cygni 1992 Sun Elements in our solar system Neutron number N

Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries

Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics - Antiprotons Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry

Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics - Antiprotons Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry

Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry Nuclear Matter and the Quark-Gluon Plasma - Relativistic HI - Beams Nuclear phase diagram Compressed nuclear/strange matter Deconfinement and chiral symmetry

Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics - Antiprotons Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry Nuclear Matter and the Quark-Gluon Plasma - Relativistic HI - Beams Nuclear phase diagram Compressed nuclear/strange matter Deconfinement and chiral symmetry

Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics - Antiprotons Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry Nuclear Matter and the Quark-Gluon Plasma - Relativistic HI - Beams Nuclear phase diagram Compressed nuclear/strange matter Deconfinement and chiral symmetry Physics of Dense Bulk Matter - Bunch Compression Properties of high density plasmas Phase transitions and equation of state Laser - ion interaction with and in plasmas

Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics - Antiprotons Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry Nuclear Matter and the Quark-Gluon Plasma - Relativistic HI - Beams Nuclear phase diagram Compressed nuclear/strange matter Deconfinement and chiral symmetry Physics of Dense Plasmas and Bulk Matter - Bunch Compression Properties of high density plasmas Phase transitions and equation of state Laser - ion interaction with and in plasmas SIS 18 Ion Beam Heating Jupiter Sun Surface Magnetic Fusion solid state density Temperature [eV] Density [cm -3 ] Laser Heating PHELIX Ideal plasmas Strongly coupled plasmas Sun Core Inertial Cofinement Fusion

Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics - Antiprotons Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry Nuclear Matter and the Quark-Gluon Plasma Nuclear phase diagram Compressed nuclear/strange matter Deconfinement and chiral symmetry Physics of Dense Plasmas and Bulk Matter - Bunch Compression Properties of high density plasmas Phase transitions and equation of state Laser - ion interaction with and in plasmas Ultra High EM-Fields and Applications - Ions & Petawatt Laser QED and critical fields Ion - laser interaction Ion - matter interaction SIS 18 Ion Beam Heating Jupiter Sun Surface Magnetic Fusion solid state density Temperature [eV] Density [cm -3 ] Laser Heating PHELIX Ideal plasmas Strongly coupled plasmas Sun Core Inertial Cofinement Fusion

Summary of Research Areas at the GSI Future Facility Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics - Antiprotons Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry Nuclear Matter and the Quark-Gluon Plasma - Relativistic HI - Beams Nuclear phase diagram Compressed nuclear/strange matter Deconfinement and chiral symmetry Physics of Dense Plasmas and Bulk Matter - Bunch Compression Properties of high density plasmas Phase transitions and equation of state Laser - ion interaction with and in plasmas Ultra High EM-Fields and Applications - Ions & Petawatt Laser QED and critical fields Ion - laser interaction Ion - matter interaction SIS 18 Ion Beam Heating Jupiter Sun Surface Magnetic Fusion solid state density Temperature [eV] Density [cm -3 ] Laser Heating PHELIX Ideal plasmas Strongly coupled plasmas Sun Core Inertial Cofinement Fusion

HESR - High Energy Storage Ring stored antiprotons GeV L = 2 x  p/p ≥  x/x ≥ 100  m Characteristics

Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons

Confining potentiales Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons

Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons

Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons

Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons

Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS Chiral symmetry and quark condensate

Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS |

Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs Hybrids qqg ggg HybridGlueball Normal meson: 2 fermions P = (-1) L+1 C = (-1) L+S Excited glue: bosonic degree of freedom → exotic quantum numbers eg. J PC =1 -+, 0 --, 0 +-, 2 +- … → normal quantum numbers Signal: exotic quantum numbers: partial wave analysis normal quantum numbers: model comparison (LGT) mixing with normal mesons charm sector: few resonances with small widths qq Meson

Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs / Hybrids qqgqq

Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs / Hybrids qqgqq Double Strangeness

Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs / Hybrids qqgqq Double Strangeness

Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs / Hybrids qqgqq Double Strangeness Two-body Thresholds Molecules Gluonic Excitation Mesons Light Mesons Charmonium p momentum [GeV/c] Mass [GeV/c 2 ] Energy (mass) range covered by new GSI facility

Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs / Hybrids qqgqq Double Strangeness Two-body Thresholds Molecules Gluonic Excitation Mesons Light Mesons Charmonium p momentum [GeV/c] Mass [GeV/c 2 ]

Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs / Hybrids qqgqq Double Strangeness Two-body Thresholds Molecules Gluonic Excitation Mesons Light Mesons Charmonium p momentum [GeV/c] Mass [GeV/c 2 ] HESR - High Energy Storage Ring

Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs / Hybrids qqgqq Double Strangeness Two-body Thresholds Molecules Gluonic Excitation Mesons Light Mesons Charmonium p momentum [GeV/c] Mass [GeV/c 2 ]

Confinement Quark-Gluon Structure of Hadrons Mass of hadrons Chiral symmetry    p - beams SIS 18 SIS 200 T [MeV] 300 LHC RHIC SPS | Glueballs / Hybrids qqgqq Double Strangeness Two-body Thresholds Molecules Gluonic Excitation Mesons Light Mesons Charmonium p momentum [GeV/c] Mass [GeV/c 2 ] HESR Detector

Storage Rings Positron-Antiproton Scattering (~1 GeV c.m.)  Structure Functions etc.  CPT Invariance

Storage Rings

Electroweak Force Electromagnetic Force QED Weak Force Standard Model Strong Force QCD Gravitational Force General Relativity galaxy m matter m crystal m atom m atomic nucleus m electron nucleon m < m quark DNA m Structure of Matter Research with Beams of Hadrons and Ions Ion-Matter Interactions Dense Plasmas Ultra High EM Fields Nuclei at the Extremes Quark Gluon Structure of Hadrons Quark Matter quark-gluon plasma excited vacuum HI Beams  12 TW/g RIBs  GeV/u Antiprotons 0-15(30) GeV Relativ. HI  35 GeV/u

COSTS Building and infrastructure:225 Mio. € Accelerator:265 Mio. € Experimental stations / detectors: 185 Mio. € Total:675 Mio. € SCHEDULE Users interest Users, Costs and Schedules

Concept for Staged Construction of the International Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons Total Costs: 675 Million Euro

Major Milestones of the GSI Future Facility Workshops and Working Groups 2001 Conceptual Design Report 2001 Review of Project by the Science Council (Wissenschaftsrat) of the German Government 2002 Recommendation for Realization by the Wissenschaftsrat Workshops and Formation of the Proto-Collaborations 2003 Cabinet Decision of the Federal Government to Fund the Project (with: a) staging and b) 25% external contributions)

Activities in Connection with the GSI Plans Working Groups on Long-Term Perspectives of GSI Deep-inelastic electron-nucleon and electron-nucleus scattering at  s = 20 – 30 GeV Conveners: V. Metag (GSI), D. v. Harrach (Mainz), A. Schäfer (Frankfurt) X-ray spectroscopy and radiation physics Conveners: J. Kluge (GSI), H. Backe (Mainz), G. Soff (Dresden) Nuclear collisions at maximum baryon density Conveners: P. Braun-Munzinger (GSI), R. Stock (Frankfurt), J. P. Blaizot (Saclay) Physics with secondary beams Conveners: U. Lynen (GSI), D. Frekers (Münster), J. Wambach (Darmstadt) Nuclear structure with radioactive beams Conveners: G. Münzenberg (GSI), D. Habs (LMU München), H. Lenske (Gießen), P. Ring (TU München) Plasma physics with heavy ion beams Conveners: R. Bock (GSI), D.H.H. Hoffmann (Erlangen), J. Meyer-ter-Vehn (IPP München) Accelerator studies (electron-nucleon/nucleus collider) Conveners: K. Blasche (GSI), J. Maidment (DESY), B. Autin (CERN), N. S. Dikansky (Novosibirsk) Accelerator studies (high intensity option) Convener: D. Böhne (GSI) Short Pulse/High Power Lasers Convener: J. Kluge (GSI) Letter of Intent: "Construction of a GLUE/CHARM Factory at GSI" Editorial Board:B. Franzke (GSI) P. Kienle (Munich) H. Koch (Bochum) W. Kühn (Giessen) V. Metag (Giessen) U. Wiedner (CERN & Uppsala) Contributions from W. Cassing (Giessen), S. Paul (Munich), J. Pochodzalla (Heidelberg), M. Soyeur (Saclay) and J. Wambach (Darmstadt) and many members of the Hadron Working Group for GSI. 25 Workshops on science and technical aspects of the GSI future facility Evaluation of the German Wissenschaftsrat “Stellungnahme zu neun Großgeräten der naturwissenschaftlichen Grundlagenforschung und zur Weiterentwicklung der Investitionsplanung von Großgeräten“

Contributors to the CDR

GSI - Future Facility Physics of Hadrons and Nuclei Future Facilities in Europe ERA European Research Area