Forces & Motion Notes Lesson 2: The Force of Gravity

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Presentation transcript:

Forces & Motion Notes Lesson 2: The Force of Gravity Lesson 3: The Force of A Rubber Band (Elastic Force) Lesson 4: The Force of Friction

Lesson 2: The Force of Gravity

Words to Know Matter- anything that has mass & takes up space Mass- the amount of matter in an object Weight- the measure of the force of gravity acting on an object

Gravity Gravity is a force that pulls objects toward each other The force of gravity acts between all objects on earth and in the universe Earth’s gravity pulls everything towards its center

Forces are measured in Newtons The weight of an apple is about 1 Newton. The weight of a bag of sugar is 10 Newtons.

Mass Weight Always remains constant Changes if gravity changes Does not depend on gravity Depends on gravity Measured in grams (g) or kilograms (kg) Measured in Newtons (N)

Lesson 3: The Force of A Rubber Band (Elastic Force)

Stetching hold Pull Pull harder hold

Stop pulling and --- Elastic materials spring back into shape. Plastic materials stay stretched.

Elastic Forces A type of matter is considered to be elastic if returns to its original shape after being squeezed or stretched. Examples of Elastic Matter:

Types of Elastic Forces There are two types of elastic forces: tension and compression TENSION COMPRESSION An elastic force that stretches or pulls matter An elastic force that squeezes or pushes matter together Example: Large cables that hold up a bridge exert an upward force of tension on the bridge When a person sits on a sofa cushion, the cushion exerts an upward force of compression that holds the person up.

Tension Compression

Placing a stent in an artery The squeezed stent is placed at the blockage. A balloon opens the stent. The stent keeps the artery open so the blood can flow. Step 1 Step 2 Step 3

Forces can do amazing things! Science saves lives

Lesson 4: The Force of Friction

Friction Friction is a force that two surfaces exert on each other when they rub against each other. Friction is a force that acts in the opposite direction to the motion of an object.

Types of Friction Sliding Friction 2 solid surfaces slide over each other Rolling Friction An object rolls across a surface Fluid Friction Solid object moves through a fluid Static Friction Acts on objects that are not moving

Drag= another word for air friction

THE END