Ancient Egypt One people, one language. “Gift of the Nile” 4,100 miles – longest river in the world Predictable flooding Natural boundaries: desert, Red.

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Presentation transcript:

Ancient Egypt One people, one language

“Gift of the Nile” 4,100 miles – longest river in the world Predictable flooding Natural boundaries: desert, Red Sea, Mediterranean Sea Reason Egypt lasted so long and was so stable Impacts religion

Egyptian Religion Sun god or river of life: Re or Amon-Re Sun god or river of life: Re or Amon-Re god of the dead- Osiris (How does his story reflect geography?) god of the dead- Osiris (How does his story reflect geography?) Ka- spirit of life that leaves the body and would return if body was mummified correctly Ka- spirit of life that leaves the body and would return if body was mummified correctly Pharaoh was considered a god (in Mesopotamia the king was a representative) Pharaoh was considered a god (in Mesopotamia the king was a representative) Religion had an ethical component to it Religion had an ethical component to it Ma’at = order, truth, justice, righteousness Ma’at = order, truth, justice, righteousness

Gods

Gods

Mummification

Qebehsenuef, the falcon head -- intestines Duamutef, the jackal head -- stomach Hapy, the baboon head -- lungs Imsety, the human head -- liver

Pyramids – tombs of the Pharoahs 13 square acres 13 square acres 490 feet tall 490 feet tall 2.3 million blocks 2.3 million blocks Blocks weighed 2 tons Blocks weighed 2 tons Took 20 to 25 years top build Took 20 to 25 years top build Number of workers: 20,000 to 25,000 Number of workers: 20,000 to 25,000

Inside the Pyramid

Quarries

Building

Building

Egyptian Tombs

Old Kingdom

Middle Kingdom – Grand Canal

Middle Kingdom - Jewelry Showed the affluence of the age

Middle Kingdom-Jewelry

Middle Kingdom

New Kingdom

Hatshepsut Focused on increasing trade in Egypt and with its neighbors

Thutmosis III Expanded Egyptian Territory to its farthest boundaries

Late New Kingdom Religion Religion moves from ethical to superstition and magic Religion moves from ethical to superstition and magic Priest become more powerful Priest become more powerful -began selling magic charms and prayers, the collection of these is known as the Book of the Dead -began selling magic charms and prayers, the collection of these is known as the Book of the Dead

Amenhotep IV Drives priest away and confiscated their lands Drives priest away and confiscated their lands Forced Egyptians to worship new god, Aten Forced Egyptians to worship new god, Aten -Egyptian religion becomes monotheistic -Egyptian religion becomes monotheistic Amenhotep IV changes name to Akhenaten and creates a new capital Amenhotep IV changes name to Akhenaten and creates a new capital

Nefertiti – wife of Amenhotep IV Potratiat head reflects new art style called Amarna Potratiat head reflects new art style called Amarna Amarna style main component is naturalism Amarna style main component is naturalism The new capital and new religion bankrupted Egypt and led to drastic changes after his death The new capital and new religion bankrupted Egypt and led to drastic changes after his death

Ramesses II the Ramesses mentioned in the Bible Built Great Temples Fought the Hittites at the Battle of Kadesh

Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut

Temple of Amon, Karnak

Great Court of Ramesses II

Valley of the Kings Where New Kingdom pharaohs were buried Where New Kingdom pharaohs were buried Location of King Tut Location of King Tut Discovered untouched in 1922 by Howard Carter Discovered untouched in 1922 by Howard Carter Does the curse of King Tut exist? Does the curse of King Tut exist? "Death Comes On Wings To He Who Enters The Tomb Of A Pharaoh"

King Tutankhamen Weighs: 460 pounds of Gold

Throne