1 VitalSoftTech.com Copyright 2014 By Natik Ameen

 Production DBA 15+ years  RAC, Exadata & GoldenGate  OCP 8 thru 11g  OCE RAC  Free Articles at 2

 Evolution of Databases  12c Features  What does multitenacy offer?  Multitenant Architecture  Getting Started  Basic Administration 3

 Security  Backup and Recovery  Views  Upgrade 4

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6  7, 8i, 9i, 10g,11g and 12c  i=internet  g=grid  c=cloud

7  DB Size in MB’s  Then Gigabytes  Then Terabytes  Now Petabytes and growing …  DB Sizes doubled in last 2 years alone!

8  CPU’s  Disk Speed  Networks

9  RDBMS  Licensed  Open Source  SQL  NoSQL  Reduce/Mapped

Consolidation, Flexibility & ROI 10

 Mutlitenancy  Plug-in, Plug-out  In-memory  Cloning 11

Consolidation, Flexibility & ROI 12

 Many servers  Dedicated resources  Long provisioning time  Data Segregation requirements  Large Databases Size  Costly 13

 More than … 14

 Database consolidation vs Server consolidation  Reduced resource usage  Separation of User Data  Fewer servers 15

 Easier, faster DB deployments  Fast Cloning for Dev/QA  Quick patching and upgrades  Separation of duties 16

 Hardware, Software Cost Reduction  Fewer support hours 17

How are container DB’s different from non-container DB’s? 18

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 CDB Instance  CDB$ROOT Container  PDB$SEED  PDBs 20

 Consolidation at Database Level  Share SGA with other PDBs  Share Background processes 21

 SGA  Buffer Cache  Log buffer Cache  Shared Pool  Redo Logs  SYSTEM, SYSAUX & UNDO  DBWR, LGWR, ARCH background processes 22

 System Data Dictionary  One root  Plugin a PDB  Holds common users  CDB Resource Plan  Upto 252 PDB’s 23

 Local Data Dictionary  Metadata link (Data Dictionary Pointer)  Object Link (Data link)  Local Users  Common Users  SYSTEM & SYSAUX 24

 PDB Template  Rapid DB creation  SYSTEM, SYSAUX,TEMP  Common User 25

Create CDB and PDB’s 26

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 Connect to CDB as sysdba  No need to create and initialize instance  Copies datafiles and creates service  Very fast 28

Connect, Start and shutdown CDB and PDBs 29

 Export ORACLE_SID – CDB Instance name  Connect normally using sqlplust p:// 12c-pdbs-and-cdbs-getting-started/t p:// 12c-pdbs-and-cdbs-getting-started/ 30

 Export CDB ORACLE_SID  Instance name always CDB instance  PDB created has own Service name  Connect using Service Name 31

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 Export ORACLE_SID – CDB Instance name  Connect Normally using sqlplus  Run STARTUPracle-12c-pdbs-and-cdbs- getting-started/racle-12c-pdbs-and-cdbs- getting-started/ 34

 Not automatically started  Even if CDB is up  PDBs in-accessible.  In MOUNT mode 35

Open all pluggable databases 36

Closing all pluggable databases 37

 Shutdown in normal way  All PDB’s shut down automatically 38

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Is my PDB Really Secure? 40

 Users created in the CDB  User name will always start with C## 41

 Works the same way as users  Roles created in the CDB  Role names will always start with C## 42

 Common users need Privs to connect to each container  Grant Privs to a user cascade Privs across all PDBs  Exception is SEED database 43

 Created inside a specific PDB database  Cannot connect to other PDB’s or CDB  C## in name not required/allowed? 44 ■ Cannot connect to CDB as users are local to PDB only

 Follows same convention as local users  Can only be created in PDBs  Limited to container where created 45

 Can be granted to local or Common users 46  Below privilege granted in PDB, not cascaded to CDB

Now, do I have to learn how to backup the Database? 47

 Connect to the CDB  Same as a non-container backup  One command backs up CDB and ALL PDBs 48 rman target / Recovery Manager: Release Production on Thu Sep 5 13:13: …… RMAN> backup database; Starting backup at 05-SEP-13 ….

 Connect to the CDB RMAN> backup database root; Starting backup at 05-SEP-13 …. 49

 Connect to CDB use pluggable database 50 ■Connect to PDB and run backup or RMAN> backup database; Starting backup at 05-SEP-13 …. RMAN> backup pluggable database pdb12c; Starting backup at 05-SEP-13 ….

 Archive logs can ONLY be backed while connected to CDB  Connect to the CDB 51 RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE PLUSARCHIVE LOG;

 All databases attached can be flashed back  Except past the previous SCN Recovery time of the database  Work around is to offline the datafiles 52 ORA-39866: Data files for pluggable database must be offline to flashback across a PDB point-in-time recovery

 Connect to CDB  Flashback the CDB and ALL PDB’s to same point in time 53

Where do I connect to look at DB info? CDB or PDB?

 New Views start with CDB_*  Only visible when connected to CDB 55

 V$ views  GV$ views  CDB_ views  DBA_HIST* views 56

57 CON_ID References 0 Entire CDB 1 Root 2 SEED PDB's  Is this a CDB? select CDB from V$DATABASE;  Container List >select NAME, CON_ID, DBID, CON_UID, GUID from V$CONTAINERS order by CON_ID;

58  Container History select DB_NAME, CON_ID, PDB_NAME, OPERATION, OP_TIMESTAMP, CLONED_FROM_PDB_NAME from CDB_PDB_HISTORY where CON_ID > 2 order by CON_ID;

Ready to upgrade?

60 Source ReleaseSource Patch SetDirect Upgrade Support? 11gr and laterYes No 11gr Yes No 10g Yes and earlier No. 9i and earlierAllNo

 SQL Plan Management Base  Evolve Plans  Don’t forget to test in non-production 61

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 Install 12c Oracle binaries  Run catupgrd.sql 63

64 LinkedIn - Google My blog We provide  24hrs Remote DBA Support  Oracle Online Training Worked with  Sony America  UCSD  George Washington University Phone: (800) Skype: ORACLE_IT Phone: (800) Skype: ORACLE_IT Oracle 12c Articles Oracle 12c Articles