6.6 Meiosis and Genetic Variation Let’s Visit the Nursery! What did we learn from our little Potato Lab darlings? What were some examples of genetic variations.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Genetics notes For makeup. A gene is a piece of DNA that directs a cell to make a certain protein. –Homozygous describes two alleles that are the same.
Advertisements

6.6 Meiosis and Genetic Variation KEY CONCEPT Independent assortment and crossing over during meiosis result in genetic diversity.
Mendel’s Laws Law of Dominance: if the two alleles at a locus differ, then one, the dominant allele, determines the organism′s appearance; the other, the.
Meiosis and Genetic Variation
Genetics A. The Vocabulary of Genetics 1. Chromosome – bar-like structures of tightly coiled chromatin (DNA), visible during cellular division 2. Homologous.
Mendelian Genetics.
You have body cells and gametes.
Students will be able to:
Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits
You have body cells and gametes.
6.6 Meiosis and Genetic Variation KEY CONCEPT Independent assortment and crossing over during meiosis result in genetic diversity.
1. Who is named the “Father of Genetics?” 2. Why did he use pea plants?
Mendel performed cross-pollination in pea plants.
Heredity Unit – Theory of inheritance B-4.7: Summarize the chromosome theory of inheritance and relate that theory to Gregor Mendel’s principles of genetics.
Genetics Since Mendel After 1900 many scientists repeated Mendel’s experiments using different types of plants and found new results.
KEY CONCEPT Phenotype is affected by many different factors.
1. Who is named the “Father of Genetics?” 2. Why did he use pea plants?
Mendelian Heredity (Fundamentals of Genetics) CH9 pg 173.
6-6 Meiosis and Genetic Variation Sexual Reproduction gives us unique combinations of genes Remember the possible number of chromosomal combinations? -due.
 Genetics often comes down to probability  Mendel stated that traits in an organism are controlled by different factors ◦ We know that each allele is.
PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE CAPTER 10. Pre-Mendel’s Theories  Blending Hypothesis: when parents with different traits have offspring, this will always show.
UNIT 9: INHERITANCE PATTERNS
INTRODUCTION TO GENETICS
Who was Mendel? Mendel – first to gather evidence of patterns by which parents transmit genes to offspring.
6.6 Meiosis and Genetic Variation Independent assortment and crossing over during meiosis result in genetic diversity.
Learning Target: Meiosis & Genetic Variation Learning Target: Meiosis & Genetic Variation I Can…Explain how crossing over during meiosis contributes to.
6.6 Meiosis and Genetic Variation KEY CONCEPT Independent assortment and crossing over during meiosis result in genetic diversity.
KEY CONCEPT – Section 6.1 Gametes have half the number of chromosomes that body cells have.
Alternate Patterns of Heredity. Traits Expressed by Multiple Genes A trait can be influenced by several genes. A trait can be influenced by several genes.
Jeopardy Mendel’s Labs Principles Traits Terms to know Meiosis Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Final Jeopardy.
Genetics after Mendel. Meiosis and Mendel Sutton-Boveri Hypothesis Chromosome Theory of Heredity Genes are carried on chromosomes Segregation and independent.
A. Heredity: The passing of traits (characters) from parents to offspring B. Genetics: The branch of biology that studies heredity. 1. Gregor Mendel:
Two copies of each autosomal gene affect phenotype.
The problems: Crossing over
6.1 Chromosomes and Meiosis
7.1 Chromosome and Phenotype
Meiosis and Genetic Variation
Vocabulary Words for section 6.2 These words are highlighted in red.
IN 147 Headings Vocabulary Important Info
Chapter 6.
Chapter 6, sections Mendelian Genetics.
Genetics A. The Vocabulary of Genetics
Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genes.
Bellwork: Design an experiment to determine whether pink flowers on petunia plants result from incomplete dominance.
Section 6-6 “Genetic Variation”
11-3 Exploring Mendelian Genetics & 11-5 Linkage/Gene Maps
Headings Vocabulary Important Info
KEY CONCEPT Phenotype is affected by many different factors.
Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genes.
Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genes.
You have body cells and gametes.
Two copies of each autosomal gene affect phenotype.
Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genes.
Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genes.
Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genes.
Biology Unit Four B – Mendelian Genetics
Two copies of each autosomal gene affect phenotype.
Mendelian Genetics Mr. Davis.
Two copies of each autosomal gene affect phenotype.
Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genes.
Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genes.
Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genes.
Monohybrid cross - shows inheritance of one trait from two parents
Please complete and turn-in your Spongebob HW
Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genes.
Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genes.
Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genes.
Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genes.
Gene Variation Chapter 6.6.
Presentation transcript:

6.6 Meiosis and Genetic Variation Let’s Visit the Nursery! What did we learn from our little Potato Lab darlings? What were some examples of genetic variations that were part of your Baby lab? What traits were displayed?

6.6 Meiosis and Genetic Variation KEY CONCEPT Independent assortment and crossing over during meiosis result in genetic diversity.

6.6 Meiosis and Genetic Variation Let’s Talk Terms! Homozygous- two of the same alleles (versions of a gene) at a specific locus on a chromosome Heterozygous- two different alleles at a specific locus Complete dominance- a kind of dominance when the dominant allele completely masks the effect of the recessive allele in a heterozygous condition. Incomplete dominance- a kind of dominance occurring in heterozygotes when the dominant allele is only partially expressed, and usually resulting in an offspring with an intermediate phenotype. Example: Red flower = dominant but partial crossed with a White flower = recessive. Yields a Pink flower.

6.6 Meiosis and Genetic Variation What? More Terms? Codominance- a condition where the alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are fully expressed resulting in offspring with a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive. A typical example showing codominance is the ABO blood group system. For instance, a person having A allele and B allele will have a blood type AB because both the A and B alleles are codominant with each other.allele blood typealleles Polygenic trait-Polygenic traits are controlled by two or more than two genes (usually by many different genes) at different loci on different chromosomes. These genes are described as polygenes. Examples of human polygenic inheritance are height, skin colour and weight. Polygenes allow a wide range of physical traits. For instance, height is regulated by several genes so that there will be a wide range of heights in a populationgenes locichromosomespolygenespolygenic inheritancePolygenestraitsgenespopulation

6.6 Meiosis and Genetic Variation Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genes. Sexual reproduction creates unique combination of genes. –independent assortment of chromosomes in meiosis –random fertilization of gametes Unique phenotypes may give a reproductive advantage to some organisms. –More skillful hunters –Mothers who produce more milk

6.6 Meiosis and Genetic Variation Fertilization (PN) Fertilization is Random Increases unique combinations of genes In humans, the chance of getting any one combination of chromosomes from any one set of parents is one out of 2 23 x 2 23, or one out of over 64 trillion combinations

6.6 Meiosis and Genetic Variation Meiosis (PN) Independent assortment of chromosomes: –Increases unique combinations of genes –Homologous chromosomes pair randomly along the cell equator –In human cells, about 2 23, or 8 million different combinations of chromosomes can result

6.6 Meiosis and Genetic Variation Crossing over (recombination) during meiosis further increases genetic diversity. (PN) Crossing over is the exchange of chromosome segments between homologous chromosomes. –occurs during prophase I of meiosis I –results in new combinations of genes

6.6 Meiosis and Genetic Variation Genetic Linkage (PN) Chromosomes contain many genes. –The farther apart two genes are located on a chromosome, the more likely they are to be separated by crossing over. –Genes located close together on a chromosome tend to be inherited together, which is called genetic linkage. Genetic linkage allows the distance between two genes to be calculated.