(Future) WMO Information System FWIS -> WIS WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION Weather – Climate - Water (Future) WMO Information System FWIS -> WIS Dieter C. Schiessl Director, WWW Department WMO Tel.: +(41 22) 730 8369 Fax: +(41 22) 730 8021 dschiessl@wmo.int

Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network for Region II (Asia) RTH in Region II NMC in Region II Moscow 64K Washington Centre in other region 64K MTN circuit Regional circuit Interregional circuit Additional circuit Novosibirsk 19.2-33.6K (V.34) Khabarovsk IMTN-MDCN CIR<32/768K> 19.2-33.6K (V.34) NI No implementation 19.2-33.6K (V.34) 19.2-33.6K (V.34) Via Moscow 9.6K 19.2-33.6K (V.34) Almaty Non-IP link IP link 19.2-33.6K (V.34) 19.2-33.6K (V.34) NI 19.2-33.6K V.34 Bishkek 19.2-33.6K (V.34) Ulaanbaatar PyongYang Tokyo Id V.34 Ashgabad Tashkent Offenbach Id V.34 IMTN-MDCN Frame Relay CIR<16/16K> CMA-VSAT IMTN-MDCN Frame Relay CIR<48/48K> CMA-VSAT NI 75 Baghdad 75 NI Tehran NI Dushanbe IMTN-MDCN Frame Relay CIR<48/48K> Beijing IMTN-MDCN Frame Relay CIR<16/8K> NI NI Frame Relay CIR<32/32K> 2.4K NI Offenbach 75 Frame Relay CIR<16/16K> 50 Kabul Kuwait 64K 64K 9.6K NI Karachi 64K IMTN-MDCN Frame Relay CIR<16/16K> Seoul Bahrain 64K 64K New Delhi Jeddah Frame Relay CIR<16/16K> 200 128K 64K 50 64K Doha 1200 Kathmandu Moscow NI Internet Emirates Internet Hong Kong 50 CMA-VSAT 64K 2.4K 100 ISDN 128K Internet 100 50 Hanoi Algiers 64K Macao Cairo Dhaka Frame Relay CIR<16/16K> Muscat Internet Internet Internet Vientiane 9.6K Internet Cairo 50 Frame Relay CIR<16/16K> Sanaa Yangon IMTN-MDCN CIR<16/32K> Colombo 1200 200 Male Melbourne 50 200 64K Washington Bangkok Manila 75 NI Phnom Penh Melbourne 2.4K Frame Relay CIR<16/16K> Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network for Region II (Asia) December 2004 Singapore Kuala Lumpur

The GTS Network World Weather Watch GTS - Global Telecommunication System -

GTS current users WWW GTS Regional, Specialized, National and World Meteorological Centres, as well as, Meteorological Satellite Operator Centres currently exchange with the WWW GTS World Meteorological Centres WWW GTS Regional/Specialized Meteorological Centres National Meteorological Centres Meteorological and R&D Satellite Operator Centres

Commercial Service Providers Current situation Information exchange – multiplicity of procedures; real-time and non-real time Information management - multiplicity of data formats; uncoordinated metadata and catalogues internet World Radiation Centre Regional Instrument Centres WWW GTS stop stop stop Regional/Specialized Meteorological Centres Meteorological and R&D Satellite Operator Centres WMO World Data Centres National Meteorological Centres World Meteorological Centres The GTS has constantly been improved to meet the ever growing data exchange requirements of the WWW centres. Regional and sub-regional systems and networks are interconnected and standardization across the networks is achieved through coordinated telecommunications procedures and protocols and the strict application of WMO code forms for data representation within a message or bulletin. Each message has its specific type of content and routing information encoded in the bulletin header. Only centres that are able to interpret and use the bulletin header information can participate in the GTS. This is a serious disadvantage for many meteorological, hydrological and environmental centres, agencies or research institutions, which cannot participate in the GTS because the do not wish to, or are not able to, invest in the rather complex data handling computers and specialized staff necessary for access to the GTS. To overcome that draw back is the strategic goal of FWIS. The FWIS should facilitate for all programmes and relevant centres the exchange of and and access to the data they require for their specific tasks,. stop Commercial Service Providers stop stop 5 GAW World Data Centres GCOS Data Centres Global Run-off Data Centre IRI and other climate research institutes Universities Regional Climate Centres International Organizations (IAEA, CTBTO, UNEP, FAO.. )

Commercial Service Providers Current situation Information exchange – multiplicity of procedures; real-time and non-real time Information management - multiplicity of data formats; uncoordinated metadata and catalogues internet World Radiation Centre Regional Instrument Centres WIS NMHS NMHS NMHS Regional/Specialized Meteorological Centres Meteorological and R&D Satellite Operator Centres WMO World Data Centres National Meteorological Centres World Meteorological Centres The GTS has constantly been improved to meet the ever growing data exchange requirements of the WWW centres. Regional and sub-regional systems and networks are interconnected and standardization across the networks is achieved through coordinated telecommunications procedures and protocols and the strict application of WMO code forms for data representation within a message or bulletin. Each message has its specific type of content and routing information encoded in the bulletin header. Only centres that are able to interpret and use the bulletin header information can participate in the GTS. This is a serious disadvantage for many meteorological, hydrological and environmental centres, agencies or research institutions, which cannot participate in the GTS because the do not wish to, or are not able to, invest in the rather complex data handling computers and specialized staff necessary for access to the GTS. To overcome that draw back is the strategic goal of FWIS. The FWIS should facilitate for all programmes and relevant centres the exchange of and and access to the data they require for their specific tasks,. NMHS Commercial Service Providers NMHS NMHS 5 GAW World Data Centres GCOS Data Centres Global Run-off Data Centre IRI and other climate research institutes Universities Regional Climate Centres International Organizations (IAEA, CTBTO, UNEP, FAO.. )

Cg-XIV (2003): The multiplicity of systems of the different Programmes causes incompatibilities, inefficiencies, duplication of efforts and higher overall costs. Congress approved the concept of the Future WMO Information System (FWIS), which will provide a single coordinated global infrastructure for the collection and sharing of information in support of all WMO and related international programmes. EC-LVI (2004): Identified FWIS to be one of the key contributions of WMO to GEOSS

(F)WIS brings new features and opportunities Common to all WMO programmes Inter-disciplinary locating, retrieval and exchange of information in real and non-real time On-line catalogues using metadata based on ISO 19100 (geographic information standard) Industry standards and off-the-shelf hardware and software systems to ensure cost- effectiveness and inter-operability

Interoperability of Information Systems Example of queries: Where to find data on the Antarctica for the period 1950-1960? How to get them? How to use them? Network NETWORK Network At present, WMO Programmes do not offer appropriate response to such queries in quasi real-time

Structure of (F)WIS National Centres (NC) Global Information System Centres (GISC) Data Collection and Production Centres (DCPC) Data communication networks

Data Collection and Production Centre (DCPC) National Centre (NC) Several NCs in a country are possible (not just the NMC) Exchange information collected or generated in the country with the GISC or DCPC Serve as portal for national users and administrate their access to FWIS Data Collection and Production Centre (DCPC) Serve as information production facilites in response to stated requirements Facilitate access/exchange from/with NCs and GISCs Support information “Push” and ”Pull” mechanisms Generate, maintain and provide metadata catalogues of their information

Global Information System Centre (GISC) Receive information from NCs and DCPCs Exchange information with other GISCs Disseminate, within its area of responsibility, the entire WWW set of data and products for routine global exchange (GTS function) Maintain metadata catalogues Ensure around-the-clock, reliable and secure operations

Information collection data flow Plan of the Framework WMO Information Systems (FWIS) of the future

Information distribution data flow Plan of the Framework WMO Information Systems (FWIS) of the future

(F)WIS implementation Build upon the most successful components of existing WMO systems and prepare a smooth and coordinated transition Map existing WMO Programme centres into the functional (F)WIS centres (e.g. WWW/RSMC <=>DCPC) Evaluate functions, technologies and architecture through pilot projects and prototype solutions Ensure a flexible system structure that can respond to growing requirements and technological progress

(F)WIS implementation The information and communication functions of existing WMO Programme centres are mapped into the corresponding functions of (F)WIS centres as illustrated below for the WWW: Current WWW Centres FWIS Functional centre NMC (as regards information and communication) NC RSMC (as regards information and communication) DCPC WMC (as regards information and communication) DCPC and/or GISC RTH (on the MTN) RTH

Strengthen GTS capabilities benefit from technology opportunities From the GTS towards the (F)WIS core network Internet like applications Flexible services Saving implementation costs and human resources Expanding bandwidth Flexible connectivity Saving recurrent costs Improved GTS Migration to TCP/IP Use of cost-effective networks Strategies Leased circuits Legacy protocols Legacy GTS Strengthen GTS capabilities benefit from technology opportunities

The GTS (Global Telecommunication System) The GTS (Global Telecommunication System) towards the FWIS core network NMTNs National Meteorological Telecommunication Networks NMTN MTN = Core of the GTS managed by MTN centres in cooperation with WMO RMTN managed by each Regional Association RMTNs Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Networks RMTN in RA I RMTN in RA II RMTN in RA III RMTN in RA IV RMTN in RA V RMTN in RA VI National level network managed by each Member MTN Main Telecommunication Network 　Centre classification MTN Centres (RTHs on the MTN) RTH RTHs (Regional Telecommunication Hubs) NMC NMCs (National Meteorological Centres) Structure of the GTS

The Improved Main Telecommunication Network Network I Tokyo Beijing Washington Melbourne Sofia Moscow New Delhi Prague Brasilia Exeter Buenos Aires Jeddah Offenbach Network II Nairobi Toulouse Cairo Managed data communication network Point-to-point services Dakar Algiers IX-2004

Specific characteristics of IMTN clouds High reliability, guaranteed quality of service, full security Scalability, Flexibility for establishing logical connections Asymmetric bandwidths Cloud I Frame Relay Melbourne Tokyo 1.5Mbps Washington 256kbps Exeter Access circuit 32kbps 16kbps CIR= 768kbps 64kbps (CIR: Committed Information Rate)

GTS traffic Snapshot spare capacity 1192Mbytes 25Mbytes 14.4% 7.2% 384kbps line (Half of CIR) spare capacity Traffic on the GTS Example at RTH Tokyo From Washington (CIR=768kbps) From Melbourne (CIR=32kbps) From other GTS circuits Daily Average of actual use of capacity   Daily volume received 1192Mbytes 25Mbytes 7Mbytes 14.4% 7.2%

Complemented by the Internet Evolution to IP-VPN through provider networks (full any-to-any point interconnectivity, high security & reliability) Complemented by the Internet VPN group Core Router Closed IP network with MPLS by a provider CE VPN group Core Router Core Router Internet VPN : Virtual Private Network MPLS : Multi Protocol Label Switching

Several current pilot projects test and evaluate various functional concepts and architectures and thus spearhead the implementation of (F)WIS RA VI VGISC : Exeter, Offenbach, Toulouse, ECMWF and EUMETSAT are developing a distributed GISC – prototype demo at CBS-XIII EUMETNET - UNIDART: data portal RA II & V VPN Project: VPNs via Internet linking NMCs in the Regions Roshydromet CliWare project (CCl) WAMIS (CAgM) Cooperation with Earth Sciences Portal, NCAR, etc Test and evaluation of WMO Core Metadata standard coordinated by focal points of the TCs

Main challenges: Development of interoperability through active involvement and contribution of all WMO Programmes and Technical Commissions Promotion and support of pilot projects and prototype solutions Regional and sub-regional development and implementation planning

Impact on and benefits for WMO (F)WIS concerns only information exchange and data management functions and does not affect data processing components. (F)WIS maximizes cross-programme standardization related to data and data connectivity between all applications (F)WIS information cataloguing and metadata ensure finding of and access to information by each user (person or institution) within established data policies (F)WIS is a cost-effective comprehensive solution for developing countries to actively participate in the WMO Programmes

Inter-commission Coordination Group on FWIS Established by EC-LVI as a coordination and collaboration mechanism spanning across the technical commissions and reporting to EC Includes TCs’ representatives and other ad-hoc experts Facilitates sharing of knowledge, resources and commitment to strengthen the FWIS development and implementation processes First session: 12-14 January 2005

Frequently asked questions Q1: Will there still be a GTS data exchange mechanism as we know it today? A1: Yes, but more flexible and based on WMO TDCF Q2: With several NCs within a country, what is the role of the NMC/RTH? A2.1: Only the NMC/RTH manages the GTS traffic according to the WMO Manual on the GTS A2.2: The NMC/RTH is the network coordinator for connection and access rights of the “other” NCs Q3: Who are the so-called “other” NCs in a country? A3: Examples are national or international data centres, academia, research institutions, commercial service providers if permitted according to A2.2

Frequently asked questions Q4: What can a NC gain through the connection to (F)WIS? A4: Cost-effective, standardized access to a wealth of national and international data archives and data bases of the GEOSS; in reverse, the international user community can obtain access to the data bases and archives of the NC in conformity with established data policies Q5: Is there a financial and administrative burden on the NMC/RTH? A5.1: Financial - That depends how the national network is organized; if the “other” NCs are directly connected to the Network Service Provider: NO! if their data flow through the NMC/RTH: YES! A5.2: Administrative – NO! at least not more than in the current GTS/RMDCN situation

Frequently asked questions Q6: Will the (F)WIS in conformity with the WMO data policy (e.g., Res. 40 (Cg-XII) and Res. 25 (Cg-XIII), and is it flexible enough to permit an evolution of the WMO data policy? A6.1: Yes, the management and practices related to essential and additional data and products and related conditions will remain unchanged A6.2: Procedures for the management of access rights, control of data retrieval, registration and identification of users, etc. can be defined as and when required A6.3: Anonymous downloading is technically possible, but depends on whether a NC permits that feature

Frequently asked questions Q7: Are there implications in connection with relevant international law, convention, such as copyright, patent, etc.? A7: (F)WIS has no inherent or system-specific features that would violate international legal frameworks; the control procedures are fully within the responsibility of the NMCs/RTHs

WMO Information System Thank you (F)WIS WMO Information System