Lesson 2.2 – The Simple Bare Necessities of Life ALL ORGANISMS HAVE THE SAME BASIC NEEDS 1. FOOD 2. WATER 3. AIR 4. LIVING SPACE

1. FOOD All Living Things Need Food Food provides organisms with the energy and raw materials needed to carry out life processes and to build and repair cells and body parts. Not all organisms get food in the same way

FOOD PRODUCERS: organisms that can produce their own food. CONSUMERS: organisms that must eat (consume) other organisms to get food. DECOMPOSERS: organisms that get their food by breading down the nutrients in dead organisms or animal wastes.

2. WATER Your body is made mostly of water. Your cells and the cells of almost all living organisms are approximately 70% water. Most of the Chemical Reactions involved in metabolism require water. A person could survive for only about 3 days without water. You obtain water from the fluids you drink and the food you eat.

3. AIR Air is a mixture of several different gases  Including: Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide 4. A PLACE TO LIVE All organisms must have somewhere to live that contains all of the things they need to survive. Amount of space on Earth is limited  Organisms often compete with each other for food, water and other necessities.

PROTEINS Almost All  Life process of a cell involve proteins Proteins are large molecules that are made up of smaller molecules called  Amino Acids Organisms break down proteins in food to supply their cells with amino acids. The amino acids then link up to form new proteins

CARBOHYDRATES Molecules made up of sugars are called carbohydrates. Cells use carbs as a source of energy Simple carbs – made of one or a few sugar molecules Complex carbs – made of hundreds of sugar molecules linked together Plants store extra sugar as starch

LIPIDS Lipids – compounds that can not mix with water. Phospholipids - type of lipid that makes up most of the cell membrane Fats & Oils – types of lipids that store energy. When an organism has used up most of its carbs, it can get energy from these lipids Fats – solid at room temperature Oils – liquid at room temterature