© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 1 Alexander NTOKO Project Manager, E-Commerce International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Basic E-commerce Training for Pakistan Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) Islamabad, Pakistan 30 March – 5 April 2001 International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 2 The ITU: Oldest inter-governmental organisation with 189 Member States and more than 600 private sector members. For the past 135 years, has been playing central role in coordinating the development of global networks and services. Today, this role is even more important as the wave of transformation into the digital economy sweeps through least developed, developing, transition economies and industrialised countries. The ITU is creating a level-playing field through global standards, technical assistance and a forum for the harmonised development, access and use of e-business technologies. The Arab States Region must seize the opportunities of this digital revolution to re-engineer its economy and play an active role in the networked economy. International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 3 Agenda for Presentation Barriers to E-Business The Role of the ITU Recommendations

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 4 Some Barriers to E-Business 1.Poor and expensive access to ICT infrastructure and basic telecommunication services. 2.Inappropriate policies to encourage competition, attract investments and break-down monopolies. 3.Inadequate network payment, banking, security and trust services. 4.Low level of public awareness on e-business issues. 5.Lack of funds and initiatives to start e-business projects. 6.No strategies, policies, legal and regulatory framework.

Barrier: Absence of environment (regulatory framework) to favor competition attract investments and break down monopolies Competitive markets non-competitive markets Network growth under monopoly and competition Source: ITU Telecommunication Indicators Database

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 6 Challenge: Identifying the parties in an e-business transaction The faceless nature of e-business increases the need for positive identification of the parties to a transaction. In e-business, it is important to know if you are dealing with a dog.

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 7 Challenge: Establish a legislative framework for the use of certification services to build trust in electronic transactions Results of an ITU survey on the use of certification for building global trust

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 8 Role of ITU in E-Business Framework for Global Co-ordination Policy and Regulatory Assisting Developing Countries The ITU Action Plan to Bridge Digital Divide Building Global Connections The ITU Standards

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 9 ITU Role: Policy and Regulatory Global Forum for Policy and Regulatory Issues ITU Regional and Global TELECOM events - ITU World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) Strategic Planning Workshops for Regulators Internet Case Studies, Surveys and Policy Analysis Analysing the requirements and needs for E-business Experts Meeting on Electronic Signatures and Certification Authorities

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 10 Building Global Connections - ITU Standards Access to E-Business Services, Security and Trust Users and Consumers: Digital, Analogue and cable modem standards for user access to the Internet (V.90 and ISDN standards) Businesses and Service Providers: Broadband Internet Access for e-business and Internet service providers Building Global Trust and Security - Standards to establish identities of parties in e-transactions, Digital and Attribute Certificates, Digital Signatures, Certification Authorities and Certificate Distribution Systems M-Business/Commerce and Wireless Internet (IMT-2000) Global Standards for high speed 3G digital mobile Fair and equitable access to the radio-frequency spectrum

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 11 ITU Standards - Building Global Connections Digital, Analogue and Cable modem standards High speed digital mobile (IMT 2000) Broadband IP standards Certification Standards Digital Certificates

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 12 ITU is laying the foundation for high-speed Mobile Internet IMT-2000 will be the Platform for E/M-Commerce … Rapid evolution towards Mobile Internet as high speed digital mobile (3G IMT-2000) networks, services and solutions are scheduled to roll-out...

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 13 ITU Role: Assisting Developing Countries ITU Digital Divide Action Plan

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 14 ITU Action Plan to Bridge the Digital Divide Sector Reform: Creating an environment conducive to mutually beneficial partnerships and sustainable ICT growth. New Technologies: Providing access to new technologies on a fair and equitable basis to men and women. Rural Communications: Facilitating rural communications and Universal Access. Private Sector Participation: Establishing a framework to encourage private sector participation in ITU activities. Human Resources Development: Building local capacity in ICT through human resources development. Least Developed Countries: Implementing special programmes to assist least developed countries. A Special ITU Development Initiative: Electronic Commerce for Developing Countries (EC-DC)

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 15 ITU EC-DC Initiative 1. Assist in Building the E-business Infrastructure 2. Build Local Capacity in E-business Technologies 3. Address E-business Policy and Regulatory Issues 4. Neutral and Non-Exclusive Alliances with Industry The ITU Electronic Commerce For Developing Countries (EC-DC) Objectives:

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 16 The Status of EC-DC o Launched in March 1998, at the ITU WTDC in Valletta, Malta and Received Bangemann Award in June 1999 in Stockholm, Sweden. o Cited in Time Magazine (July 2000) and many national and international media as an activity to watch out for. o Partnership Agreements signed with the World Trade Centre (WTC), WISeKey and FUNDANDINA. o Support of several leading ICT companies with more than $5 million already contributed. o Large scale Deployment of E-Business Infrastructure and services (more than 110 countries). o Other Projects and activities in all Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Arab States Region. o Conference for 120 countries (27-29 Nov 2000) at the ITU HQ in Geneva (WISEWORLD 2000).

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page Countries Participating in EC-DC Africa: Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Côte dIvoire, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Seychelles, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda and Zimbabwe. Americas: Argentina, Bahamas, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica (Common wealth of), Dominican Rep., Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Saint-Lucia, St. Vincent & The Grenadines, Trinidad & Tobago, Uruguay, USA and Venezuela. Arab States: Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Syria, Tunisia and United Arab Emirates. Asia Pacific: Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China (Peoples Rep. Of), Fiji, India, Iran, Korea (Rep. of), Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Philippines, Samoa (Independent State Of), Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vanuatu and Vietnam. Europe & CIS: Armenia, Belarus, Bosnia Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France, Georgia, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Malta, Monaco, Portugal, Kyrgyzstan, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, and Ukraine.

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 18 ITU Partners in EC-DC Partnership Agreement with: WISeKey SA and World Trade Centre (WTC) Participation of: Ministries of ITU Members States Telecom Operators and Regulators National Banks and Financial Institutions Trade Points and Business Organisations Internet Service Providers Regional Telecommunication Organisations Private Businesses and NGOs Chamber of Commerce and World Trade Centres More than 225 organisations from 110+ countries

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 19 Create Regulatory Framework to Favor Competition better services and wider availability of ICTs. Adopt Appropriate Pricing Policies for Internet Access and the provisioning of Internet services - The more people use the Internet, the more value it will have for businesses and consumers. Establish Legislative Framework for digital transactions, recognition of electronic signatures and guidelines for the operation of certification authorities. Encourage active participation of local financial institutions (banks) to provide payment services to businesses. For Pakistan to take advantage of the new technologies and become active participants of the global economy, it needs to :

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 20 Consider ICT development as a national priority. Create national E-commerce Task force including all major stakeholders (governments, industry, businesses and the educational sector). Put in place Legislation for data protection, copyright intellectual property rights and consumer protection. Forge Alliances and Strategic Partnerships. No single entity holds complete answer to e-business. Alliance is key. Encourage the development of mobile services through fair, equitable and open processes for obtaining mobile licenses. Recommendations

© Copyright International Telecommunication Union (ITU). All Rights Reserved page - 21 Thank You for Listening