Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Chapter 4: Parties and Elections in the States The Constitutional Context: State and Federal Roles in Regulating Elections Elections at the State and Local Levels The Role of Political Parties Party Balance and Imbalance

The Constitutional Context: State and Federal Roles in Regulating Elections LO 4.1 Compare and contrast the constitutional roles of state and federal governments in regulating elections. Constitutional Context All elections for national offices are held by and within the states. Amendments and Sup Ct decisions Fifteenth Amendment – race Seventeenth Amendment – senators chosen directly Nineteenth Amendment – women Twenty-fourth Amendment – poll tax Twenty-sixth Amendment – 18- to 21-year olds Court decisions – maximum residency is 30 days LO 4.1 Back to learning objectives Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman

Elections at the State and Local Levels LO 4.2 Describe differences among the states in laws regulating voting, elections, and campaign finance, and assess federal influence on these regulations. Many Elections at the State and Local Levels Primary elections General elections Special elections Initiatives, Referendums, & Recall elections Bond issues LO 4.2 Back to learning objectives Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman

Differences in Who May Vote States determine who is eligible to vote. 48 states prohibit prison inmates from voting. 36 states have a mental competency requirement. Voter registration rules 30 days residency Purging registration lists Voter identification laws Controversy on standards for id LO 4.2 Back to learning objectives Elections at the State and Local Levels

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Differences in How We Vote Help Americans Vote Act--Fed $ for modernization Poll workers—see me if interested! Ballots—design makes a difference Party column – allows straight ticket Office block – discourages straight party Infamous butterfly ballot in 2000 (PBC Fl—see later slide) Voting by mail, absentee ballot, early LO 4.2 Back to learning objectives Elections at the State and Local Levels

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Differences in Nomination Process\ Primaries Closed primary Open primary Blanket (La only for state/local offices; struck down in Cal, Wash, Alaska by US Supreme Court) struck down in Cal, Wash, Alaska by US Supreme Court LO 4.2 Back to learning objectives Elections at the State and Local Levels

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Differences in the Timing and Frequency of Elections Presidential election is the “Tuesday next after the first Monday in November, in every fourth year.” States determine the dates of all other elections. LO 4.2 Back to learning objectives Elections at the State and Local Levels

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Differences in Campaign Finance Disclosure laws Contribution limits Public financing laws LO 4.2 Back to learning objectives Elections at the State and Local Levels

LO 4.2 Back to learning objectives Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman

LO 4.2 Back to learning objectives Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman

The Role of Political Parties LO 4.3 Outline the organization of state parties and their major functions with respect to elections, voters, and government. Party Organization and Officers An Earlier Era: Machines and Bosses E.g. Tammany Hall in NYC; Pendergast in KC; Daley in Chicago Party Organizations Today Paid full time; more professional Train candidates LO 4.3 Back to learning objectives Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman

Party Activities/Functions in Elections Structure for Elections—simplify voting Candidate Recruitment and winnowing Voter Registration—recruit new groups Voter Mobilization--GOTV Campaign Resources—compete with interest groups and wealthy Organize government LO 4.3 Back to learning objectives The Role of Political Parties

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Parties and Voting Choices Party Identification--#1 factor Candidate Appeal—how outsiders sometimes win—e.g. Nikki Haley Issue Voting—varies in importance depending on salience of issue Judicial Elections—can be nasty Nonpartisan Local Elections—class bias LO 4.3 Back to learning objectives The Role of Political Parties

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Parties in State Government Executive Branch—party leader Legislature—organized by party Party caucus Redistricting—party seeking advantage Reapportionment—forced by Feds and Supreme Court decisions LO 4.3 Back to learning objectives The Role of Political Parties

Party Balance and Imbalance LO 4.4 Assess how party competition has changed in recent decades. Party Balance and Imbalance Two-party state: increased # since WWII One-party state the Solid Democratic South disappears in late 1960s and 70s Emerging GOP dominance in South, but not quite one party in 1980s-90s LO 4.4 Back to learning objectives Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman

The __ Amendment guaranteed the right to vote to women. A.Fifteenth B.Seventeenth C.Nineteenth D.Twenty-sixth LO 4.1 Back to learning objectives

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman The __ Amendment guaranteed the right to vote to women. A.Fifteenth B.Seventeenth C.Nineteenth D.Twenty-sixth LO 4.1 Back to learning objectives

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman States generally have elections the same time as ___. A.Bond elections B.School board elections C.Presidential elections D.All of the above LO 4.2 Back to learning objectives

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman States generally have elections the same time as ___. A.Bond elections B.School board elections C.Presidential elections D.All of the above LO 4.2 Back to learning objectives

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman The ____ is the big prize in state elections. A.Senate seat B.House Speaker position C.Governor’s seat D.Congressional seat LO 4.3 Back to learning objectives

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman The ____ is the big prize in state elections. A.Senate seat B.House Speaker position C.Governor’s seat D.Congressional seat LO 4.3 Back to learning objectives

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Which of the following is a one- party state? A.Utah B.Indiana C.Michigan D.Missouri LO 4.4 Back to learning objectives

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Which of the following is a one- party state? A.Utah B.Indiana C.Michigan D.Missouri LO 4.4 Back to learning objectives