CLIMATE MONITORING FROM SPACE -- challenges, actions & perspectives Yang Jun China Meteorological Administration WMO Cg-XVI Side Event An architecture for climate monitoring from space Geneva, May 18, 2011

Impacts of Space-based Measurements Direct broadcast allows products to be used worldwide Satellite data has been greatly improving global weather forecast, short-term climate analysis and diagnosis Quick, reliable space-based observations play key roles in natural disasters monitoring, ecosystem and environment monitoring Aviation safety, air quality monitoring, renewable energy, are becoming new thrust for satellite data And today, Observations from space support better understanding, predictions, mitigation and adaptation of climate change And today, Observations from space support better understanding, predictions, mitigation and adaptation of climate change

STRONG REQUIREMENTS: for climate monitoring from space GCOS requirements GFCS requirements Response to climate change Operational monitoring of weather / climate extreme events Public awareness

CHALLENGE: Scientific issues -- Satellite-based climate products development Climate signal from satellite observations – accuracy, consistency, representativeness, comprehensiveness, Calibration - the foundation for high quality climate products Data analysis & reanalysis- satellite observation, with other advanced data to generate the climate dataset for Global Climate Model Advanced inverse methodologies

CHALLENGE Technical issues -- data use and application Data fusion for multiple sensors, multiple platforms Long term historic data re-processing Access to large amount of data and products Application outreach and user training

CHALLENGE: International Coordination Observation plan coordination R&D to operational satellites transition and contingency Data and products standardization, algorithm and experience sharing. Data policy and data sharing

ACTIONS: We need develop an architecture for monitoring climate from space To collect and define requirements To develop space infrastructures and enhance climate observing capabilities To promote open, easy and fast ways for climate dataset access To focus on scientific and technical problems we have to confront with, and lead to final solutions To conduct international cooperation

PERSPECTIVES: Benefits we expect from the development of the architecture Understand requirements from different aspects based on RRR Receive guidance to space missions in both orbits and instruments Share algorithms and experiences for the development of ECVs Share data and products Build an end to end climate monitoring system at national level

FY-2D 86.5 FY-2E 105 FY-2C FY-1D FY-3B FY-3A CMAs Contributions to Climate Monitoring from Space Current Satellites In-orbit

10 Climate Instruments onboard FY-3A/B TOU/SBUS: Global Ozone Monitoring ERB/SIM: Earth radiation budget

More Emphasis on Climate Monitoring Capabilities in Future Polar-orbiting Satellites Hyper-spectral sounding Atmosphere Chemistry sounding CO2 CH4Atmosphere Chemistry sounding CO2 CH4 GPS radio occultation Sea surface wind microwave scatterometer. No.LaunchOrbitStatus FY-3C2012 (plan)AMOp. FY-3D2014(plan)PMOp. FY-3E2016(plan)AMOp. FY-3F2018(plan)PMOp. Launch plan of FY-3 follow-ons

GeoSat: Considering applications in both weather and climate Long term plan has been made for steady transition from FY-2 to FY-4

CMAs Contributions More than 20 years satellite dataset for Climate use WMOs Regional Training Centres, Centres of Excellence(CoEs) Involvements in international cooperation –CM –CGMS –GSICS –New membership of CEOS since 2010

CMAs experiences over past 40 years Long term satellite plan at national level is crucial to keep no-gap operation and continuous observations High priorities have been put on integrated climate observing system including space-based & in-situ observations. Open data policy and effective data management has greatly promoted data application. Early user involvement is necessary for successful data use. Broad national and international cooperation helps to exchange data and expertise, and to foster the S&T progresses.

Summary Due to strong requirements for monitoring climate from space, it is necessary for WMO members to consider developing an architecture to meet these requirements. CMA strongly supports the concept of the space-based architecture for monitoring climate, and is willing to make further contributions for its implementation. It is suggested that WMO space programme further coordinate with other technical commissions, organizations and space agencies to work out detailed technical descriptions for the architecture based upon current concept documents.