May 12th. 2011| 1| 1 New On Stack Emission Monitoring Technology

May 12th. 2011| 2| 2 Content  Emission Monitoring – why?  Monitoring Technologies  Experience Gained  Emission Monitoring - System Requirements  Technology respons  Future Of Emission Monitoring

May 12th. 2011| 3| 3 Emission Monitoring – why? Main drivers:  Energy optimisation  Environmental soundness  Meeting regulations CO2 NO - NO2 - PM CO - H2O – SO2  Shipping is the primary mode of transportation  NOx, SOx and PM from shipping is a significant portion of global emission  Human health & crops are seriously affected by NOx, SOx and PM  To reduce, control and manage NOx, SOx and PM emission various technologies will be implemented in the coming years.  Thus emission monitoring will be part of the solution

May 12th. 2011| 4| 4 Monitoring Technologies – Schematic Gas sampling at stack Initial gas conditioning Transport (sampling line) Mulitplexing (several lines) Final gas conditioning Gas analysis Visualization & Reporting

May 12th. 2011| 5| 5 Monitoring Technologies – Sampling Extractive CEM Systems  Cold extractive  Hot extractive  Dilution systems In-situ CEM systems  Cross stack light based systems  Probe and point based systems Gas sampling at stack Initial gas conditioning Transport (sampling line)

May 12th. 2011| 6| 6 Monitoring Technologies – Analyzing Methods  Chemiluminescece (CLD)  UV fluorescence  Non Dispersive Infra Red (NDIR)  Electrochemical cells  Lased Detection (TLD & QCL)  Zirconium oxide sensors (ZrO2) Mulitplexing (several lines) Final gas conditioning Gas analysis

May 12th. 2011| 7| 7 Experience gained CLD Probe Pre-conditioning Probe Dilution with dry air Transport Sample line Converting NO2 to NO Analyzing O3 Sample gas After treetment Visualization & ReportingAlarm monitoring  Proven technology (reference method)  Require sample & conditioning systems  Slow response time  Can only measure NO not NOx  High consumable & maintenance requirements  A/C unit will normally be required  Total high cost of ownership

May 12th. 2011| 8| 8 Experience gained ZrO2 Probe Pre-conditioning Probe Sample/back-flushing Analyzing Visualization & Reporting Alarm monitoring  Well-proven – cost effective technology developed for the automotive industry.  Real-time measurement with no delays from sample lines, multiplexing, coolers and converters  Easy installation, operation and maintenance  Total low cost of ownership  Measure only NOx and O2, no other gases  Sensor degradation by SO2

May 12th. 2011| 9| 9 Emission Monitoring – System Requirements  Robust online measurement  Simple - No conditioning or gas transport  Direct - Accurate Hot gas Measurement  Adaptable to increasing regulation  Low maintenance  Low cost of ownership  Certified to MARPOL annex Vl

May 12th. 2011| 10 Patented IR Principle  Correlated suspect/reference  Superior ambient & source artifact immunity – pressure, temperature…  Robust measurement Patented & Patents Pending

May 12th. 2011| 11 Thermally de-coupling the optical sensor  Patented concept of thermally de-coupling optical path sight-tubes  Effective thermal de-coupling enables hi-temp measurement  Wide-band IR transmission  Gas filled for undisturbed transmission  De-focused optical system mitigating spot contamination on optics Patented & Patents Pending

May 12th. 2011| 12 Patented Gas Flow Chamber  Vortex-flow chamber for undisturbed optical gas measurement  Structured gas flow for avoidance of residuals in optical path  Intrinsic cleaning effect on sight-glasses  Particles held away from optical path center-line Patented & Patents Pending

May 12th. 2011| 13 Patented optical path protection  IR transmissive nano-coated sight-glasses  Contaminant repellent  Super hydrophobic  Heat & Corrosion resistant Patented & Patents Pending

May 12th. 2011| 14 Combustion Emission Sensor System  Modular sensor system  Direct and continuous measurement  Hot/Wet combustion gasses  Configurable for exact gas measurement needs  All core technologies patented Patented & Patents Pending

May 12th. 2011| 15 Future of emissions monitoring  The world depends on shipping, but emissions must be reduced  Global and local regulation will reduce emission  Multiple emissions mitigation technologies will be implemented  The operation of emissions mitigation systems should be optimized  The effect should be documented  Online emissions monitoring is part of efficient shipping

May 12th. 2011| 16 Thank you for your attention Poul K. Sørensen, Green Instruments A/S Henrik G. Moos, Danfoss IXA A/S