Pacific Humanitarian Team Overview United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs Pacific Humanitarian Team Day 1, session 1

INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE Upon request the UN and international organizations assist governments in humanitarian assistance when the scale of the disaster exceeds the national capacity.

K EY M ILE S TONES  2005 H UMANITARIAN R EFORM  2007 S OLOMON I SLANDS T SUNAMI  2008 PHT & P ACIFIC CLUSTERS AGREED  2009 C YCLONE SEASON, T ONGA /S AMOA T SUNAMI, IA C ONTINGENCY P LANNING  ND PHT REGIONAL MEETING  2010 C YCLONE SEASON, I NTER -A GENCY C ONT. PLANNING, CLUSTER WORK

PACIFIC HUMANITARIAN TEAM (PHT)  Composed of all regional humanitarian response organizations, including UN, NGOs, Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, donors  organized around humanitarian “clusters”  Chaired by UN Resident Coordinator

 A GLOBAL MODEL FOR COORDINATING INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE  “C LUSTERS ” ARE MADE UP OF ORGANIZATIONS AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERS WORKING IN A SPECIFIC HUMANITARIAN FIELD OF WORK  E ACH CLUSTER IS LEAD BY AN AGENCY AS AGREED BY THE PHT CLUSTER APPROACH WHAT IS IT?

PACIFIC CLUSTERS & LEAD AGENCIES Seven clusters exist in the Pacific region and can be rolled out in affected countries immediately if needed Inter-Cluster Coordination

PACIFIC HUMANITARIAN TEAM Inter-Cluster Coordination 791 People 149 different organizations (165 including national govts) 7 clusters Based in 27 countries Covering 15 Pacific Island countries

E MERGENCIES & PHT R ESPONSE High Sea Swells: RMI, FSM, Solomon Islands (Dec 08) Fiji Floods (Jan 09) Guadalcanal floods (Feb 09) Ambrym Volcano and Flood (Apr 09) Samoa & Tonga Tsunami (Sep/Oct 09) TC Mick in Fiji (Dec 09) Gaua Volcano (Dec 09 – ongoing) Rendova Tsunami - Solomon Islands (Jan 10) TC Pat in Aitutaki – Cooks (Feb 10) TC Tomas in Fiji (Mar 10) TC Ului in Solomon Islands (Mar 10)

I NTER -A GENCY C ONTINGENCY P LANNING Solomon Islands (March 09) Samoa (April 09) Vanuatu (September 09) Gaua Volcano (March 10) Cook Islands (May 10) Tonga (September 10)

C LUSTER A CTIVITIES – UPDATE 2010  Emergency Shelter: activities to take off from 2010 PHT meeting  WASH: mapping of key actors, govt counterparts and pre-positioned supplies Harmonizing WASH Coalition and WASH Cluster Increased coordinated response (Fiji) WASH workshop postponed to May 2011  Protection: workshops in Samoa, Fiji and Vanuatu to raise awareness on human rights of disaster affected persons and integration into DM Pacific Protection Toolkit  Logistics: WFP expanded logistics cluster activities into the Pacific. LCAs for PNG, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands. Log cluster support cell established in Malaysia Preparedness activities to take off in 2011

C LUSTER A CTIVITIES – UPDATE 2010  Emergency education: support focused on support to MoEd to develop emergency education plans  Health: coordinated response TC Tomas in Fiji Volcano affected communities in Vanuatu Training Coordinates closely with WASH More focus on mental health and PS support (MHPSS)  Early Recovery: UNDP expanding (coordination) activities in ER (Tonga, Samoa, Cook Islands, Fiji) Using PHT 2010 as guidance

C LARIFYING THE PHT: TOR S AND SOPS A swift emergency response requires that clearly defined roles and responsibilities are commonly understood and accepted. Each decision-making body needs to understand their specific role in the chronology of a crisis response, and these decision points need to be made explicit to all major stakeholders.

C LARIFYING THE PHT: TOR S AND SOPS (C ONT ’ D ) 3 decision-making bodies of the PHT and their responsibilities and functions. They are: The PHT Heads of Organisations Group (HOO) The PHT Inter-cluster Coordination Group (ICCG) The PHT Clusters

PHT C LUSTERS Clusters (7 Pacific Clusters) PHT Inter-Cluster Coordination Group Chair: OCHA Members: Cluster Leads Leads inter-agency Preparedness and Response planning Maintains overview of response and gaps Ensures cross-cutting issues are reflected in cluster plans Coordinates inter-agency multi-sector assessments Monitors cluster performance PHT Heads of Organisations Group Chair: UN Resident coordinators Members: Cluster Leads Members: Heads of key humanitarian organizations active in the Pacific Agrees on common policies and strategic response Reviews and approve Preparedness and Response plans Promotes adherence to principles, guidelines and policies Chair: Cluster Lead Members: Humanitarian practitioners based on sector of activity Maintains sectoral coordination mechanisms at regional, national and sub-national levels Secures commitments from humanitarian partners in responding to needs and filling gaps Ensures appropriate coordination and information exchange regarding sectoral activities with national and local authorities Ensures cluster members identify and address distinct needs of women, girls, boys and men and identifiable vulnerable groups

PHT C LUSTERS Role Ensure coordination among organisations working in a specific sector Composition Each cluster is lead by an agency as agreed by the PHT Cluster members are self-selecting – cluster lead agencies are required to ensure the cluster is comprehensive

R ESPONSIBILITIES Respond jointly Commonly identify needs Develop appropriate strategic response plans with shared objectives addressing gender and other differentiated needs Joint advocacy and resource mobilization Coordinate amongst themselves & with national authorities in order to avoid gaps and duplications and ensure quality of humanitarian assistance

PHT I NTER -C LUSTER C OORDINATION G ROUP Clusters (7 Pacific Clusters) PHT Inter-Cluster Coordination Group Chair: OCHA Members: Cluster Leads Leads inter-agency Preparedness and Response planning Maintains overview of response and gaps Ensures cross-cutting issues are reflected in cluster plans Coordinates inter-agency multi-sector assessments Monitors cluster performance PHT Heads of Organisations Group Chair: UN Resident Coordinators Members: Cluster Leads Members: Heads of key humanitarian organizations active in the Pacific Agrees on common policies and strategic response Reviews and approve Preparedness and Response plans Promotes adherence to principles, guidelines and policies Chair: Cluster Lead Members: Humanitarian practitioners based on sector of activity Maintains sectoral coordination mechanisms at regional, national and sub-national levels Secures commitments from humanitarian partners in responding to needs and filling gaps Ensures appropriate coordination and information exchange regarding sectoral activities with national and local authorities Ensures cluster members identify and address distinct needs of women, girls, boys and men and identifiable vulnerable groups

PHT I NTER -C LUSTER C OORDINATION G ROUP Role The PHT-ICCG ensures that the strategic priorities agreed to by the PHT Leaders group inform the operational decision-making of the response Timing 12 – 24 hours after event and further. The PHT ICCG will meet as soon as practicable after the PHT leaders meeting to ensure key messages are conveyed to cluster members and response activities are coordinated.

C OMPOSITION Cluster leads and focal points for cross- cutting issues (e.g. gender) Donors and other organisations whenever relevant Chaired by OCHA

R ESPONSIBILITIES Develop clearly articulated cross-sectoral humanitarian response plan based on shared analysis Ensure resources are appropriately prioritized across clusters Ensure perspectives & needs of women, men, and members of disadvantaged groups are equally addressed in all sectors Ensure gaps and duplications are avoided

PHT H EADS OF O RGANISATIONS G ROUP Clusters (7 Pacific Clusters) PHT Inter-Cluster Coordination Group Chair: OCHA Members: Cluster Leads Leads inter-agency Preparedness and Response planning Maintains overview of response and gaps Ensures cross-cutting issues are reflected in cluster plans Coordinates inter-agency multi-sector assessments Monitors cluster performance PHT Heads of Organisations Group Chair: UN Resident Coordinators Members: Heads of key humanitarian organizations active in the Pacific Agrees on common policies and strategic response Reviews and approve Preparedness and Response plans Promotes adherence to principles, guidelines and policies Chair: Cluster Lead Members: Humanitarian practitioners based on sector of activity Maintains sectoral coordination mechanisms at regional, national and sub-national levels Secures commitments from humanitarian partners in responding to needs and filling gaps Ensures appropriate coordination and information exchange regarding sectoral activities with national and local authorities Ensures cluster members identify and address distinct needs of women, girls, boys and men and identifiable vulnerable groups

PHT H EADS OF O RGANISATIONS G ROUP Role A body to provide strategic guidance and oversight for humanitarian action in the region Timing The PHT HoO will meet within 12 hours of an event; in order to develop a common operating picture and centralise decision-making, particularly by determining the likely level of the humanitarian response.

C OMPOSITION Composed of heads/ highest level representatives of the key organizations Cluster coordinators Relevant donor agencies will be invited of the discretion of the RC or OCHA. Decisions made in PHT Leaders meetings will be followed-up by the Inter- Cluster Coordination Group members. During an emergency response: High-level representatives from the affected Government will be invited to attend

R ESPONSIBILITIES Strategic guidance and oversight for humanitarian action, including setting common objectives and priorities (humanitarian action plans) and resource mobilization in both preparedness and response phases. During an emergency, the PHT HoO decides which clusters will be activated, and human and/or financial resources need to be mobilised Provides guidance to cluster lead agencies and developing solutions to strategic problems coming out of the PHT Inter-Cluster Coordination Group or specific clusters. Advocating adherence by responding humanitarian organizations and national governments to humanitarian principles

PHT B ODIES : R OLES AND R ESPONSIBILITIES Chair: OCHA UN agencies Key NGOs Red Cross mvt IFRC Chair: Resident Coordinator Health and Nutrition WASH Shelter and Camp Management Logistics Protection Early Recovery Emergency Education WHO UNICEF World Vision ADRA OXFAM Red Cross mvt Etc… WFP IOM WHO Red Cross mvt National Capacities World Vision Etc.. Donors UNICEF Health & Nutrition Projects Red Cross activities in Health & Nutrition sector Cluster representatives Strategy, Resource mobilization Operationalization, Coordination across sectors Coordination within technical sector of activity Activities Chair: WFP During disaster response: National Government Rep. (Min of Foreign Affairs) During disaster response: National Government Rep. (National Disaster Management Office) During disaster response: National Government Rep. (Min. of Health) Health and Nutrition Cluster Chair: WHO and UNICEF Cluster Leads PHT Inter-cluster Coordination Heads of Organizations PHT Heads of Organizations Logistics Cluster Cluster representatives

International Humanitarian Community National Disaster Response Structure PMO / Cabinet NDC / NDMO Ministry of Health Ministry of Education Ministry of Works Air services / Police / Customs / Foreign Affairs Ministry of Planning Ministry of Social Welfare Emergency Operations Resident Coordinator / PHT Leaders OCHA / Inter-cluster Coordination Group Health-Nutrition Emergency Education Water-Sanitation- Hygiene Logistics Early Recovery Protection Shelter, Camp Mgt26 WHO UNICEF WHO, UNICEF, USG, Red Cross (RC), UNFPA, WVI, UNDP, SCF, OXFAM, NZ, AUS, EU LINK WITH NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE MECHANISM STRATEGIC CROSS SECTORAL COORDINATION SECTOR SPECIFIC COORDINATION Min of HEALTH Min of HEALTH, private clinics, drug suppliers

I DENTIFIED KEY ISSUES FOR PHT  I NVESTMENT IN PREPAREDNESS AND CONTINGENCY PLANNING, PARTICULARLY BY CLUSTERS  C LARIFICATION OF ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES IN PHT  C LUSTER LEAD AGENCIES INVEST IN LEAD / COORDINATION ROLE  C LUSTER PLANNING AND RESPONSE WITH IN - COUNTRY COUNTERPARTS  A GREED STANDARDS IN AND AMONG CLUSTERS IN KEY HUMANITARIAN AREAS (H EALTH /N UTRITION, WASH, S HELTER, L OGISTICS, P ROTECTION, ER)  I NFORMATION MANAGEMENT, PARTICULARLY BASELINE DATASETS AND JOINT ASSESSMENTS, ANALYSIS AND INFORMATION SHARING  I NCLUSIVE COORDINATION MECHANISMS ( REGIONAL AND NATIONAL LEVEL ), PARTICULARLY FOR CLUSTER LEADS, OCHA, NDMO S  C OORDINATED FOLLOW - THROUGH ON ACTION PLANS AGREED TO IN WORKSHOPS, ETC.

I DENTIFIED K EY I SSUES NDMO S  L EADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT ( GENERAL MANAGEMENT, STRATEGIC POLICY DEVELOPMENT, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT )  R ESOURCE MOBILIZATION AND INTERNATIONAL DONOR AND PARTNER LIAISON  P ARTNERSHIP BUILDING AND C OORDINATION OF RESOURCES, IN - COUNTRY STAKEHOLDERS, PROGRAMS  I NFORMATION M ANAGEMENT : Improve access to more accurate baseline data and information to support DM, DRR and CCA information technology and competence Assessments  NEW MECHANISMS TO SUPPORT INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING AND CAPACITY BUILDING TO NDMO S, OTHER KEY NATIONAL AGENCIES, CIVIL SOCIETY AND PRIVATE SECTOR  D EVELOPING SOP S, SIMULATION EXERCISES 

NDMO PERSONAL REFLECTIONS ON PHT  D ID PHT/ INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE IMPROVE THE DISASTER RESPONSE IN GENERAL, E. G. TARGET AFFECTED COMMUNITIES ?  D ID THE PHT/ INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE SUPPORT THE WORK OF THE NDMO OR GOVERNMENT AND OTHER DISASTER MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATIONS ( E. G. R ED C ROSS, NGO S, CHURCHES, ETC )?  D ID IT IMPROVE COORDINATION ?  W ERE ANY HUMANITARIAN CLUSTERS ACTIVATED AND IF SO, WHAT WAS YOUR EXPERIENCE WITH THAT ?  W HAT WENT WELL AND WHAT WAS USEFUL FOR YOU ?  W HAT DID NOT GO SO WELL AND WAS NOT USEFUL ?  W HAT ARE FOR YOU LESSONS LEARNED AND AREAS OF IMPROVEMENT FOR THE PHT?  THINK OF BOTH RESPONSE AND PREPAREDNESS ACTIVITIES

G ROUP DISCUSSION : REFLECTIONS ON PHT  4 GROUPS  20 MINUTES DISCUSSION  40 MINUTES PLENARY FEEDBACK AND DISCUSSION  O BJECTIVE :  F EEDBACK AND RECOMMENDATIONS FROM COUNTRIES FOR IMPROVED INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE AND COORDINATION  F OR PHT SESSIONS AND CLUSTER PLANNING AND RESPONSE

G ROUP DISCUSSION : REFLECTIONS ON PHT  I N RECENT DISASTERS :  D ID PHT/ INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE / CLUSTERS IMPROVE THE DISASTER RESPONSE IN GENERAL, E. G. TARGET AFFECTED COMMUNITIES ?  D ID THE PHT/ INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE / CLUSTERS SUPPORT THE WORK OF THE NDMO OR GOVERNMENT AND OTHER DISASTER MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATIONS ( E. G. R ED C ROSS, NGO S, CHURCHES, ETC )?  D ID THE PHT IMPROVE COORDINATION ?  W ERE ANY HUMANITARIAN CLUSTERS ACTIVATED AND IF SO, WHAT WAS YOUR EXPERIENCE WITH THAT ?  W HAT WENT WELL AND WHAT WAS USEFUL FOR YOU ?  W HAT DID NOT GO SO WELL AND WAS NOT USEFUL ?  W HAT ARE FOR YOU LESSONS LEARNED AND AREAS OF IMPROVEMENT FOR THE PHT?  W HAT ARE GAPS AND / OR PRIORITY ISSUES FOR INTERNATIONAL DONORS AND RESPONSE ORGANIZATIONS TO TAKE NOTE OF ?  W HAT ARE KEY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL DONORS, RESPONSE ORGANIZATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT PARTNERS ?  THINK OF BOTH RESPONSE AND PREPAREDNESS ACTIVITIES