ENZYMES ARE PROTEINS THAT SPEED UP SPECIFIC REACTIONS IN CELLS CHAPTER 5.5 ENZYMES ARE PROTEINS THAT SPEED UP SPECIFIC REACTIONS IN CELLS Do Now: Cracker Activity Predict what cracker will taste like at the beginning and end of the minute. Chew for 1 minute without swallowing Cracker should taste sweet at end of 1 minute because amylase enzyme breaks down starch into maltose

ENZYMES AND ACTIVATION ENERGY Activation Energy- the energy needed to start a reaction EXAMPLE: Candle Burning If you heat something to lower the activation energy structures in the cell can become destroyed Therefore, we need enzymes!

ENZYMES AND ACTIVATION ENERGY Catalysts- substances that speed up chemical reactions Enzyme- the main catalyst of chemical reactions

Enzymes Foods have Enzymes! Speed up reactions! Example: Fruits and Vegetables, Nuts, Seeds ENZYMES ARE PROTEINS_ Help Digestion and Fighting Bacteria

What are enzymes? Your body has lots of reactions! Enzymes: Special Proteins that speed up specific reactions End in ASE Ex. Lactase digest lactose HOW? Some people are lacking this enzyme, take the lactase enzyme as a pill

Enzymes Lower Activation Energy The energy needed to get a reaction started

Lower the Activation Energy Activation energy is the “start up” energy of a reaction Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy They do not raise the temp!

Enzymes Without Enzyme With Enzyme Free Energy Progress of the reaction Reactants Products Free energy of activation

Elephant Toothpaste http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7qtX6XgDeDY

HOW ENZYMES WORKEnzymes are Specific The shape of an enzyme fits only particular molecules Substrate- a specific reactant to an enzyme Active Site- the area the substrate fits in

enzyme= sucrase Substrate= sucrose

Reaction for enzyme -Put together substrates Contact lens cleaner, laundry detergent, drain cleaner research enzyme and substrate for each product and product

Find the Enzyme, Substrate, and Product For Each Substance

Online Activity 5.5 Worksheet

Enzymes http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hoBhOdQV7vw

Effects on Enzymes Temperature pH

Temperature Enzymes are PROTEIN Heat too high they can denature

pH Enzymes work best at an ‘optimal’ pH Trypsin

Enzymes are Reusable Enzymes will speed the reaction for a substrate It will release the product and will work on another substrate

Examples Lipase Protease Lactase Sucrase Amylase Life is not possible without enzymes! !!!!!!! -catalase found in contact lens cleaner, breaks down hydrogen peroxide, but how did h202 get there? When you get a cut and add catalase, it bubbles, why? Biproduct of all cells, but poisonous!!! So we need to break it down and get rid of it Catylase breaks it down into water and oxygen

http://www.schooltube.com/video/0f9b17a9d14e4b93af83/Liver-Enzyme-Lab Liver lab demo