Dr M. Moaeen-ud-Din [(PhD (Genetics), Post-doc(Epigenetics)] Course No. AS-302 Course Title ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Credit hours 3(2-2)

Dr M Moaeen-ud-Din Department of Livestock Production and Management

 66. And verily in cattle (too) will ye find an instructive sign. From what is within their bodies between excretions and blood, We produce, for your drink, milk, pure and agreeable to those who drink it. Surah 16. An-Nahl (The Bee) Department of Livestock Production and Management

 Animal ◦ Various organisms belonging to kingdom “ ANIMALIA”  Husbandry ◦ Management of domestic affairs ◦ Management of farming  Animal Husbandry ◦ Science as well as management including scientific breeding, housing, health care of common domestic animals aiming for maximum returns Department of Livestock Production and Management Dr M Moaeen-ud-Din

 Domestication ◦ The change in behavior at group level  Taming ◦ The change in the behavior at the individual  Domesticated Animals ◦ Kept for clear purpose, raised under human control, survival depends on the humans, acquire the character not found in wild, Department of Livestock Production and Management

 Livestock ◦ They are domesticated animals  Taxonomy ◦ Branch of the biological science that attempts to classify living organism, into order/system, used to hierarchies or otherwise identify them  Wild Animals ◦ The species which experience their full life cycle without the intervention of humans Department of Livestock Production and Management

 More old than civilization  Different ERAS in the human history ◦ Old stone age ◦ New stone age ◦ Metal age  Man was competitor for food  How process of domestication started ? Department of Livestock Production and Management

 DOG (10000) BC at Natufian culture  SHEEP & GOAT (8000) BC in western Asia ◦ Sheep from Ovis musimon and Ovis vignei ◦ Goat from Pasan (Capra hircus aegarus) and sind wild goat (Capra hircus blythi)  Cattle (6000) BC in China  Horse (4000) BC northern Russia from EOHIPPUS  Camel (2500) BC in central Asia Department of Livestock Production and Management

 Kingdom = ANIMALIA  Phylum = CHORDATA  Class = Mammalia  Order ◦ Artiodactyls–  Family Bovidae, Suidae, camelidae ◦ Perissodactyls  Family Equidae Department of Livestock Production and Management

KingdomAnimalChordatamammaliaArtiodactyla Bovidae Ruminan t Ovis Sheep Capra Goat Bos Cattle Bubalus Buffalo Suidae Swine Camelad ae 3 Chamber ed stomach Camel Perissoda ctyla Equidae Horse, Donkey PhyllumClass Family Genus Species

Department of Livestock Production and Management

 Horizontal expansion  Resources are limited  Old technologies  Lack of education  Lack of extension network  Sick Government institute  Fixed market  Lack of processing Department of Livestock Production and Management

 Ovis aries  Capra hircus  Bos taurus, Bos indicus  Bubalus bubalis  Camalus bactrianus, camalus dromidarius  Eqauus caballus, eqauus asinus Department of Livestock Production and Management

 Animal Husbandry by G.C. Banergee  Principles and Practices in Livestock Management by Muhammad Raiz Virk  Wikipedia Department of Livestock Production and Management