There are two variables that define four types of migration. Temporary/Permanent Forced/Voluntary You will need to be able to give a brief definition of these and also some examples of real-life migrations. Reasons for the migration should be suggested. In pairs try this now.

Daily commuting from Fintry to Glasgow and back for work. Goat-herders in the Sinai desert moving to pastures and back to the village. An oil worker moving to Saudi Arabia on a two- year contract. A two-week holiday in Mallorca. A student taking a gap year in Peru. SOME EXAMPLES- TEMPORARY Transhumance in the Alps.

SOME EXAMPLES- PERMANENT A Scot emigrating to Canada. A couple retiring to the Mediterranean. A family moving from a village in India to Calcutta. Your family moving to Killearn from Strathblane.

SOME EXAMPLES- VOLUNTARY Aunt Grace moving to be closer to her sister in Stirling. Joe Bloggs taking a better job in another city. Sally moving in with her boyfriend in another town.

SOME EXAMPLES- FORCED Families leaving the dictatorial regime of Mugabe in Zimbabwe. Ethiopians moving to where there is no famine. Hutus in Rwanda leaving the genocide of the civil war. Catholics moving out of a Protestant area in Belfast during ‘the troubles’.

 Asylum-seeker  Economic migrant  Refugee How are they different from each other? See the next slide.

‘Asylum’ means safety. Asylum seekers leave their homes and move to other countries, where they feel they will be protected. In the UK, asylum seekers are officially people who have lodged a claim with the Government and are waiting to find out if they can stay in this country. If they are allowed to stay, they become "refugees". Economic Migrant Those who work in a foreign country without initially intending to settle there and without the benefits of citizenship in the host country.

RURAL TO URBAN. Give a couple of examples of this- one from an MEDC and one from an LEDC. In your answer give slightly different reasons for each example.

URBAN TO RURAL Give a couple of examples of this- one from an MEDC and one from an LED. In your answer give slightly different reasons for each example.

Push factors are the problems that force people away from an area. Pull factors are the benefits that attract them to the new place. Make a copy of the factors from the next two slides.

Shortage of farmland Unemployment Famine Natural disasters Poverty Lack of educational opportunities Shortages of healthcare and other services War and persecution Better amenities More jobs Higher wages Better education Better healthcare More houses

FORCED MIGRATION –Yugoslavia/Bosnia ;a case study. Read CORE HIGHER page 222/223. Write a simple, brief report of the situation that might give an S1 pupil the basic outline of the problem.

Did you notice the map on page 222 of CORE? It is called a flow map. Look at another version of it on the next slide, and discover how it conveys its information. This interpretation skill is one of the Geographical Methods and Techniques that you will need to be able to use. GMT

Here is the flow map for this migration. Write three or four sentences to describe and explain what it shows. Use an atlas if you need to.

VOLUNTARY MIGRATION –Turkey; a case study. Read WIDER WORLD pages 78 /79. Copy the bullet points from the next two slides that indicate the push and pull factors for this migration.

Push factors;-  Central Turkey is very poor and isolated.  Local economy based on traditional farming.  Region has few natural resources.  Limited schooling, health and housing.  Population growth led to unemployment.  Few job opportunities and wages very low.  Increased mechanisation adds to job losses.  Political insecurity.  In an active earthquake zone.

Pull factors;-  The initial German need was for farmers, like Turks.  Also a need for unskilled labourers to rebuild German economy. The Turks could do this.  Germans didn’t want to do difficult, dirty and dangerous jobs themselves. So jobs were available.  Attraction of much higher wages.  Attraction of a richer lifestyle.  Promise of education and training in new skills.  Political security. Turkey was in unrest.  Possibly increasing savings for their future.

What are the impacts of migration? Areas of origin Areas of destination After class discussion take notes on these using p 220 Core Higher Geography.