Cambodia Regional Multi-stakeholder Discussion Forum on Rural ICT Development Bangkok, Thailand, 4 July 2011 Rural ICT Policy Advocacy, Knowledge Sharing and Capacity Building Regional Project

Contents 2 2 Govt & ICT Regulatory Framework 1 1 Development Indicators 4 4 ICT Development Indicators 3 3 Funding Mechanism 5 5 Rural ICT Initiative 6 6 Challenging 7 7 Conclusion

Main Development Indicators From 2004 to 2007, the economy grew about 10% per year, driven largely by an expansion in the garment sector, construction, agriculture, and tourism. GDP contracted 1.5% in 2009 as a result of the global economic slowdown, but climbed more than 4% in 2010, driven by renewed exports. The garment industry currently employs more than 280,000 people - about 5% of the work force - and contributes more than 70% of Cambodia's exports. In 2005, exploitable oil deposits were found beneath Cambodia's territorial waters, representing a new revenue stream for the government if commercial extraction begins. Mining also is attracting significant investor interest, particularly in the northern parts of the country. Rubber exports increased about 25% in 2009 due to rising global demand. The tourism industry has continued to grow rapidly, with foreign arrivals exceeding 2 million per year in , however, economic troubles abroad dampened growth in (Source: CIA World Factbook, 2011)

Government Structure NiDAMPTCMOIMinistry N PRIME MINISTER Office of the Council of Ministers

ICT Regulatory Framework National ICT Policy and Strategy (Draft) Telecom Law (in draft) Drafted by MPTC Resubmit to the Council of Ministers on 29 September 2009 E-Commerce Law (in draft) Drafted by MoC Radiocommunication Law Law on the Copyrights and Related Rights Cybercrime Law (in draft) ICT Policy for all Ministries Draft USO Sub-degree and Policy 5

ICT Development Strategy Development Plan Dedicated Service for 5 main cities Basic Service for 90% Provinces Long-term Stage Future Plan Medium-term Stage Provisional Stage Trial Stage (Present) Year 2004 Population Census Year 2008 Year 2012 Year 2016 Dedicated Service for 3 Main Cities under Immediate Actions Basic and Dedicated Services for 90% Districts Basic and Dedicated Services for 90% Communes 100% Villages e-Cambodia This figure implies that benefits of e- Cambodia will gradually appear from 2008 and that e-Cambodia can almost be accomplished at district level by 2012.

Funding Mechanism Ministry of Planning Ministry of Planning in cooperation and coordination with line ministries has made 3-5 years plan called National Strategic Plan (NSP) and inc remental NSP for socio-economic development. Each ministry and Institution needs to put its development plan in the National Strategic Plan. Ministry of Economics and Finance (MEF) All revenues from all sources are collected by MEF. MEF manages all kind of the government budget expenditures. Based on NSP and Priority, Ministry of Economics and Finance drafts the Budget Plan and submits to the Council of Ministers, and then to the Parliament for Approval. USO Fund USO Fund is under legal preparation. MPTC handles this matter. 7

ICT Development Indicators 8 (Source: MPTC, 2010) FO backbone TC: 1,200km CFOCN: 5,180km Viettel:16,000km TELCOTECH (360km) Plan Total national backbone: 22,380km a. ICT Infrastructure

ICT Development Indicators Over the past several years, Cambodia has experienced significant and rapid ICT growth. This has been reflected both in the brisk adoption of ICT services by the population, the rapid expansion of infrastructure and significant increases in the size of the ICT markets. ICT sector revenue of US$429m in 2008, 32% annual growth (UNDP, 2009) Telephones Subscribers 94% (13m/14m as June 2011) Fixed: 0.5m 4% Cellular: 12.5m 91% Internet subscribers :0.68m 5% (April, 2011) 9 b. Trends of ICT Development

ICT Development Indicators 10 DNTA Feb 2011 c. Telephone Subscribers and Density

ICT Development Indicators 11 DNTA Feb 2011 d. Internet Subscribers and Density

Rural ICT Initiative Operator: ISP, Telecom, Mobile ICT Vendor: could support Rural ICT Project (Hardware, Software, Content, Database, Website etc) Financial Sector: Assist the Rural ICT Project Trade: E-Trade could play the import role in Rural ICT Education Sector: E-Learning, Distant-Learning and E- Education in Rural ICT Government, Local Government: Role and Policy to support Rural ICT Private Sector: ISP, Mobile Operator, ICT Infrastructure could move along with the government policy and requirement by community to fulfill Rural ICT Program Logistic Company: could involve and support the E-Trade along with Financial Sector to support Rural ICT Program Public - Private Partnership.

3 Key Lessons from Project/Workshop Lesson#1 Human Networking Resource available – no need to develop from scratch Operation/Funding mechanism/USO Fund Multi-stakeholder: Government Initiative and PPP Model Lesson#2 Contents/applications of telecenter from each country What type Equipment and infrastructure Lesson#3 Champion of each country each telecenter roll out How challenging, fallers, case and success stories Compare between the model of teleceter under government and public enterprise roll out and operation

1. Resources Limited Funding Limited Human Resource and skill person in rural Electricity is still an issue (solar energy will be an option) Infrastructure (private sector could moving along, or government policy to support the program) 2. Local Contents/Applications Language Barrier Most content in other languages 3. Other factors: Awareness (benefit of using ICT and content of ICT Knowledge Sharing Communities (who access to ICT first?) City=>Urban=>Rural=>Remote Challenging

Conclusion The Government have been taking a lead in Digital Content, E- Contents, Infrastructure and the related utilities development to pave the way forward. Should have a clear policies and Full Complete Model Support for Rural ICT for at lease three years: including equipment, operation, content/application and finance Focus on Multi-media and electronic contents/application Commune E-Center must move along the Government Plan It has been observed in current years that ICT development was remarkable due to the active private sector participation. All stakeholders shall involve in the ICT development toward to build the information society. Private sector should play a key partnership role in building the information society. All countries should share resources, success story case, faller, and lesson learn To assure the sustainability, necessary measurements, frameworks, and regulations should be in place.

Noy SHOUNG Deputy Secretary General National ICT Development Authority (NiDA) The Office of the Council of Ministers Phone: Website: Thank you, Спасибо A H axaapaп