Growth & Development from ages 1 to 3

Proper Names 1 or 2 year old is called a “Toddler” Age 3-5 is called a “Preschooler”

Environmental Factors Nutrition Health Life experiences

Proportions  Ages 1-3, height and weight gains slow down compared to the first year of life.  Children show greater variations in size  Body proportions between ages 2 & 3: Chest becomes larger around than head and abdomen Arms, legs, and torso lengthen

Teeth 11 st yr: 8 teeth 22 nd yr: 8 more teeth 33 rd yr: last 4 teeth FFULL SET IS 20 TEETH 118 months is when a child should see the dentist for the 1 st time.

Developmental Milestones DDevelopmental milestones are AVERAGES Variations can be caused by what?? Physical size, health, diet, interests, temperament, and play opportunities.

Learning about these milestones can help caregivers choose activities that are developmentally appropriate for the child’s age.

Gross and Fine Motor Skills See graph on page 298!

Dexterity  What is Dexterity? The skillful use of hands and fingers What requires greater dexterity? Walking steadily or turning on a faucet

Sensory Integration What does the brain do in sensory integration? Combines information from the various sense to make a single, whole picture of what’s happening

Caring for children from 1 to 3 Nap and nighttime patterns begin to change.  Age 1: Daytime naps last several hours  Age 2-4: Daytime naps become shorter and they sleep longer at night. Age 2 is when the morning nap is given up.

Night Terrors vs. Nightmares  Night terrors: occur early in child’s sleep cycle and aren’t likely to be remembered the next day.  Nightmares: frightening dreams that seem real. More serious and may signal anxiety.

Self-feeding abilities 1 year old: Finger foods, use spoon, drink from cup 2 year old: Use fork and eat slowly because they are improving ________ motor skills 3 year old: Use a spoon & fork skillfully and can chew tough foods that are cut into small pieces.