PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT AGES 1-3

Physical Development  Provides children with the abilities they need to explore and interact with the world around them. Physical growth:  Toddlers are unsteady when first walking  Muscles gain strength  Children gradually develop coordination  Preschoolers are able to run, jump and trot. By the age of five, most can skip.

Physical Development Chart (draw chart for your notes)

Proportion Ages 1-2: Head, chest, and abdomen measure the same Your turn: How is this different than infants?

Teeth  Healthy Teeth  Determined by diet, heredity and care  Provide foods rich in:  Calcium, Phosphorus, Vitamin D  1year olds: 8 Teeth  2-3 year olds: Teeth  Note: The complete set of primary teeth is in the mouth from the age of 2 ½ to 3 years of age to 6 to 7 years of age. Around 6- 7 years of age, primary teeth start to fall out and are replaced by permanent teeth.

MOTOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT

Motor Development  Physical growth in the ability of children to use their bodies and physical skills  Process by which a child acquires movement patterns and skills  Genetics, size at birth, body build, nutrition, opportunity, and culture can all influence motor and physical development.

Evaluating Areas of Motor Development  Muscle Tone  High tone- movement are jerky or disconnected  Low tone- movement may be slow and lack strength  Quality of Movements  Are movement smooth or do they jerk their limbs?  Do they move slow or fast?  Does it take effort for them to move around?  Range of Motion  Making movements that span the entire length of the body Making movements from one side of the body to the other Throwing a ball Passing an object from one hand to the other

Gross (large) Motor Development  Skills  Rolling over  Crawling  Walking  Running  Jumping  These skills usually involve using the entire body or several parts of the body at one time.

Large or Gross Motor Skills  Use of back, leg, shoulder, arm muscles  Examples:  walking, running, jumping, throwing, kicking, building, climbing

Fine (small) Motor Skills  Improved dexterity:  Skilled use of hands, fingers, wrists, and toes  Examples:  Holding a crayon, putting together a puzzle, stacking cups