Bio-fuels in Clean Power Production & Transport 8th International Seminar (Moscow, November 2005) ISTC SAC

Some Possibilities to Stimulate Development of Bioenergy Irina Zerchaninova, Ivan Kurochka Industrial Development Institute “Informelectro” Alexander Novikov International Centre of Educational Systems

Part 1 Bioenergy producing/effective use as a unified area of demonstrated technologies

Source of information

Kind of starting materials Biogas as Fuel for Bus Transportation NO Project Start date: 1st December 2001 Date last verified: 29th March 2004 Type of Project: Result Country: Norway Location: Fredrikstad

What does the area consist of ? Forestry & energy crops Agricultural waste Municipal waste Industrial waste Landfill gas Building energy efficiency Energy distribution Energy management High-temperature technologies Industrial energy efficiency Transport energy efficiency Hydrogen production Advanced technologies Other technologies

Bradford’s Law of Scattering N 1 : N 2 : N 3 = 1 : q : q 2 D 1 ≈ D 2 ≈ D 3 i = 1,2,3 – zones of scattering N i – number of technological directions in a zone q – Bradford’s multiplier D i – amount of technologies in a zone R(n) – cumulative amount of technologies n = 1, 2,…, N – rank of a direction, starting with the most productive

Core zone Forestry residue combustion Biogas from animal wastes & crop residues Industrial wood waste Untreated municipal solid waste

Central zone Other agricultural waste combustion, including straw Landfill gas for electricity/combined heat & power Other industrial waste Sewage sludge/waste water treatment Forestry & energy crops. Fermentation to produce alcohol Energy crops combustion Landfill gas for direct use Industrial waste anaerobic digestion Municipal waste. General, other

External zone Municipal waste. Refuse derived fuel Forestry & energy crops. Fuel production, harvesting and transportation Chemical waste Poultry waste combustion Industrial waste. General, other Other technologies (mostly combined use of energy sources) District heating & cooling Production of fuel from oil seeds Forestry & energy crops. General, other Landfill gas. General, other Agricultural waste. Gasification Agricultural waste. General, other Forestry & energy crops. Gasification Tires Space heating, ventilation, air conditioning & space cooling Co-firing with fossil fuels Forestry & energy crops. Biogas production Hospital waste Municipal waste. Fermentation to produce alcohol Advanced technologies. General Building energy efficiency. Industrial boilers & water heating Energy distribution. General, other Building energy measurement Operation & maintenance Industrial energy efficiency. General, other Gas vehicles Hydrogen production. General Forestry & energy crops. Other advanced conversion technologies

For the area R(n) = αn 0,67, 1≤ n ≤ c; R(n) = 138,3log e (n/1,85), n ≥ c; R(n) – cumulative amount of technologies, n – rank of a direction, α – amount of technologies in the leading (first) direction, c – supposed number of directions in the core zone. Lacking technological directions at least 3 directions in the central zone about 10 directions in the external zone

Part 2 Measures to stimulate the development as viewed from Russia

Bioenergy from peat/forestry residues/agricultural waste in 2005 on the base of equipment installed and being installed within Electricity: approximately 400 GWh Heat: approximately 1000 Gcal /The Firm VIEN’s data for Russia/

The area as a list of progressing Russian directions 1.Vegetable oil bio-fuels 2. Processing of forest residues 3. Fabrication of pellets 4. Wood engines 5. Biogas plants in agriculture 6. Complex utilisation of household and municipal wastes 7. Utilisation of biodegradable waste for production of energy in industries processing wood, paper, food and textile 8. Combined energy supply of industrial enterprises located in near-rural areas, local communities and autonomous social objects 9. Experimental research, developments and demonstrations of capacities of algae 10. Sapropel and seaweeds for energy 11. Peat as a renewable energy source

In 2004 five Russian producers of renewable energy together issued green certificates covered 236 MWh of electrical and heat energy, which were redeemed for use by Belgian, Dutch and Italian energy consumers as though to compensate needs of their offices or household/private consumption needs. The needs were declared as realistic ones. TRECKIN - Tradable Renewable Energy Certificates Knowledge and Initiatives Network European countries, US, Japan, Russia, others The establishment of the Network was supported by the Fifth Framework Programme of the European Commission.

The Sixth Framework Programme of the European Commission INCO, contract number Special Support Action Renewable energy certificates as instrument to monitor and stimulate RE development in Russia Started since Sept. 1, 2005

General lines Identifying related capacities for achievements of Russian scientists Promotion of international sci-tech cooperation agreements, including demonstration goals Information, consulting and education for interested Russian enterprises Wider dissemination of green certificates as an enabling mechanism

Some links IEA energy and environmental demonstrated technologies (1995 – March 2005) News, presentations and offers of Russian companies on clean energy (in Russian) News, presentations and offers of foreign companies on clean energy The TRECKIN Network RECS International European Biomass Industry Association

For more information Industrial Development Institute “Informelectro” , Moscow E-37, Russia Irina Zerchaninova Tel: Fax: or Ivan Kurochka Tel: Fax: ICES 4, Lubyansky proezd, Moscow , Russia Alexander Novikov Tel: Fax: