Biochemistry Review

Main Topics Organic Compounds Enzymes Solution and pH

Solution Solution- Mixture of two substances where they cannot be separated Solvent- What is doing the dissolving(water) Solute- What is dissolved(sugar) Suspension-Mixture of two substances where neither are dissolved(Dirt water)

Water 2 Hydrogen and 1 Oxygen Hydrogen bonds in between molecules Covalent bonds within

Water continued Polar molecule Surface Tension Universal Solvent Distinct positive and negative end Surface Tension Bonds are easy to break, but many of them are hard to break Universal Solvent

pH pH scale- Measures acidity and basicity of a solution 8-14 Base 7 Neutral Buffer-Weak acid or base used to control pH

Basic Biochemistry Organic Chemistry Monomers Polymers All organic compounds contain carbon(C)! Monomers Building blocks of organic chemistry Polymers Macromolecules

Significant Macromolecules Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids

Proteins C, H, O, N Building for muscles and used as enzymes Monomers- Amino Acids Test- Biuret

Carbohydrates Three different forms Monosaccharide-Glucose Disaccharides-Sucrose Polysaccharides-Starches Contains Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen Sugars Provide quick energy

How to Test for Carbohydrates Iodine Color change from Orange to Rusty red Benedicts solution Color change from a sky blue to purple

Carbohydrates Review Slide C, H, O Quick Energy Monomers- Monosaccharides Glycogen Iodine Test- Polysaccharides

Lipids C, H, O Insulation, Long term energy, improve eyes Monomers- Fatty Acids and Glycerol Test- Brown Bag Test

Nucleic Acids C, H, O, N, P Stores genetic material for living organisms Monomer- Nucleotides Phosphate group Sugar Nitrogen base

Enzyme Info Lower activation energy for reactions to take place Substrate specific Affected by: pH Temperature

Enzymes Picture A. Substrate B. Enzyme C. E.S. Complex D. Enzyme E. Products